English
Related papers

Related papers: Combining Evidence and Reasoning for Biomedical Fa…

200 papers

The growing use of large language models (LLMs) for biomedical question answering raises concerns about the accuracy and evidentiary support of their responses. To address this, we present Answered with Evidence, a framework for evaluating…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-08 Julian D Baldwin , Christina Dinh , Arjun Mukerji , Neil Sanghavi , Saurabh Gombar

Knowledge graphs and large language models (LLMs) are key tools for biomedical knowledge integration and reasoning, facilitating structured organization of scientific articles and discovery of complex semantic relationships. However,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-01 Yichun Feng , Jiawei Wang , Ruikun He , Lu Zhou , Yixue Li

Large language models (LLMs) have shown promise in medical question answering but often struggle with hallucinations and shallow reasoning, particularly in tasks requiring nuanced clinical understanding. Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG)…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-25 Ziyu Wang , Elahe Khatibi , Amir M. Rahmani

Large language models have shown promise in clinical decision making, but current approaches struggle to localize and correct errors at specific steps of the reasoning process. This limitation is critical in medicine, where identifying and…

Biomedical entity linking and event extraction are two crucial tasks to support text understanding and retrieval in the biomedical domain. These two tasks intrinsically benefit each other: entity linking disambiguates the biomedical…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-25 Xiaochu Li , Minqian Liu , Zhiyang Xu , Lifu Huang

Fact checking is a challenging task because verifying the truthfulness of a claim requires reasoning about multiple retrievable evidence. In this work, we present a method suitable for reasoning about the semantic-level structure of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-04-28 Wanjun Zhong , Jingjing Xu , Duyu Tang , Zenan Xu , Nan Duan , Ming Zhou , Jiahai Wang , Jian Yin

Discharge summaries require extracting critical information from lengthy electronic health records (EHRs), a process that is labor-intensive when performed manually. Large language models (LLMs) can improve generation efficiency; however,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-06 Severin Ye , Xiao Kong , Xiaopeng He , Guangsu Yan , Dongsuk Oh

Whilst fact verification has attracted substantial interest in the natural language processing community, verifying misinforming statements against data visualizations such as charts has so far been overlooked. Charts are commonly used in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-19 Mubashara Akhtar , Nikesh Subedi , Vivek Gupta , Sahar Tahmasebi , Oana Cocarascu , Elena Simperl

Automated fact-checking systems verify claims against evidence to predict their veracity. In real-world scenarios, the retrieved evidence may not unambiguously support or refute the claim and yield conflicting but valid interpretations.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-12-15 Max Glockner , Ieva Staliūnaitė , James Thorne , Gisela Vallejo , Andreas Vlachos , Iryna Gurevych

Biomedical entity linking is the task of identifying mentions of biomedical concepts in text documents and mapping them to canonical entities in a target thesaurus. Recent advancements in entity linking using BERT-based models follow a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-03-10 Rajarshi Bhowmik , Karl Stratos , Gerard de Melo

While large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated impressive capabilities across various natural language processing tasks by acquiring rich factual knowledge from their broad training data, their ability to synthesize and logically…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-31 Tianshi Zheng , Jiaxin Bai , Yicheng Wang , Tianqing Fang , Yue Guo , Yauwai Yim , Yangqiu Song

The widespread of fake news and misinformation in various domains ranging from politics, economics to public health has posed an urgent need to automatically fact-check information. A recent trend in fake news detection is to utilize…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-02-05 Nguyen Vo , Kyumin Lee

Artificial intelligence has advanced in Medical Visual Question Answering (Med-VQA), but prevalent research tends to focus on the accuracy of the answers, often overlooking the reasoning paths and interpretability, which are crucial in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-19 Jiaxiang Liu , Yuan Wang , Jiawei Du , Joey Tianyi Zhou , Zuozhu Liu

A crucial issue of current text generation models is that they often uncontrollably generate factually inconsistent text with respective of their inputs. Limited by the lack of annotated data, existing works in evaluating factual…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-30 Wenhao Wu , Wei Li , Xinyan Xiao , Jiachen Liu , Sujian Li , Yajuan Lv

Evidence-based medicine (EBM) is at the forefront of modern healthcare, emphasizing the use of the best available scientific evidence to guide clinical decisions. Due to the sheer volume and rapid growth of medical literature and the high…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-29 Zihan Xu , Haotian Ma , Gongbo Zhang , Yihao Ding , Chunhua Weng , Yifan Peng

Diagnostic imaging studies are an increasingly important component of the workup and management of acutely presenting patients. However, ordering appropriate imaging studies according to evidence-based medical guidelines is a challenging…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-06 Michael S. Yao , Allison Chae , Charles E. Kahn , Walter R. Witschey , James C. Gee , Hersh Sagreiya , Osbert Bastani

False medical information on social media poses harm to people's health. While the need for biomedical fact-checking has been recognized in recent years, user-generated medical content has received comparably little attention. At the same…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-09-19 Amelie Wührl , Roman Klinger

Large language models (LLMs) have shown great potential in the medical domain. However, existing models still fall short when faced with complex medical diagnosis task in the real world. This is mainly because they lack sufficient reasoning…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-08-06 Qi Peng , Jialin Cui , Jiayuan Xie , Yi Cai , Qing Li

Motivation: The rapid growth of biological data has intensified the need for transparent, reproducible, and well-documented computational workflows. The ability to clearly connect the steps of a workflow in the code with their description…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Clémence Sebe , Olivier Ferret , Aurélie Névéol , Mahdi Esmailoghli , Ulf Leser , Sarah Cohen-Boulakia

Fighting misinformation is a challenging, yet crucial, task. Despite the growing number of experts being involved in manual fact-checking, this activity is time-consuming and cannot keep up with the ever-increasing amount of Fake News…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-08-30 Daniel Russo , Serra Sinem Tekiroglu , Marco Guerini