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Synthetic data offers a promising path to train models while preserving data privacy. Differentially private (DP) finetuning of large language models (LLMs) as data generator is effective, but is impractical when computation resources are…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-18 Bowen Tan , Zheng Xu , Eric Xing , Zhiting Hu , Shanshan Wu

The generative Artificial Intelligence (AI) tools based on Large Language Models (LLMs) use billions of parameters to extensively analyse large datasets and extract critical private information such as, context, specific details,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-10-20 Imdad Ullah , Najm Hassan , Sukhpal Singh Gill , Basem Suleiman , Tariq Ahamed Ahanger , Zawar Shah , Junaid Qadir , Salil S. Kanhere

Pre-trained language models (PLMs) have demonstrated significant proficiency in solving a wide range of general natural language processing (NLP) tasks. Researchers have observed a direct correlation between the performance of these models…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-12 Kennedy Edemacu , Xintao Wu

Synthetic text generation with Differential Privacy (DP) guarantees emerges as a principled approach that can enable the sharing of sensitive datasets across institutional and regulatory boundaries, while bounding the risks of…

The performance of modern machine learning systems depends on access to large, high-quality datasets, often sourced from user-generated content or proprietary, domain-specific corpora. However, these rich datasets inherently contain…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-08-28 Zhan Shi , Yefeng Yuan , Yuhong Liu , Liang Cheng , Yi Fang

The privacy concerns associated with the use of Large Language Models (LLMs) have grown recently with the development of LLMs such as ChatGPT. Differential Privacy (DP) techniques are explored in existing work to mitigate their privacy…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-03-08 Tiejin Chen , Longchao Da , Huixue Zhou , Pingzhi Li , Kaixiong Zhou , Tianlong Chen , Hua Wei

Pre-trained Large Language Models (LLMs) are an integral part of modern AI that have led to breakthrough performances in complex AI tasks. Major AI companies with expensive infrastructures are able to develop and train these large models…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-05-02 Rouzbeh Behnia , Mohamamdreza Ebrahimi , Jason Pacheco , Balaji Padmanabhan

We explore how private synthetic text can be generated by suitably prompting a large language model (LLM). This addresses a challenge for organizations like hospitals, which hold sensitive text data like patient medical records, and wish to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-20 Supriya Nagesh , Justin Y. Chen , Nina Mishra , Tal Wagner

The increasing use of synthetic data generated by Large Language Models (LLMs) presents both opportunities and challenges in data-driven applications. While synthetic data provides a cost-effective, scalable alternative to real-world data…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-25 Tevin Atwal , Chan Nam Tieu , Yefeng Yuan , Zhan Shi , Yuhong Liu , Liang Cheng

Synthetic tabular data generation with differential privacy is a crucial problem to enable data sharing with formal privacy. Despite a rich history of methodological research and development, developing differentially private tabular data…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-05 Toan V. Tran , Li Xiong

In-context learning (ICL) enables large language models (LLMs) to adapt to new tasks by conditioning on demonstrations of question-answer pairs and it has been shown to have comparable performance to costly model retraining and fine-tuning.…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-03-12 Alycia N. Carey , Karuna Bhaila , Kennedy Edemacu , Xintao Wu

Multimodal Large Language Models (LLMs) are pivotal in revolutionizing customer support and operations by integrating multiple modalities such as text, images, and audio. Federated Prompt Learning (FPL) is a recently proposed approach that…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-14 Linh Tran , Wei Sun , Stacy Patterson , Ana Milanova

Differentially private (DP) language model inference is an approach for generating private synthetic text. A sensitive input example is used to prompt an off-the-shelf large language model (LLM) to produce a similar example. Multiple…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-06 Kareem Amin , Salman Avestimehr , Sara Babakniya , Alex Bie , Weiwei Kong , Natalia Ponomareva , Umar Syed

Large language models (LLMs) are sophisticated artificial intelligence systems that enable machines to generate human-like text with remarkable precision. While LLMs offer significant technological progress, their development using vast…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-06-23 Yashothara Shanmugarasa , Ming Ding , M. A. P Chamikara , Thierry Rakotoarivelo

Differentially private in-context learning (DP-ICL) has recently become an active research topic due to the inherent privacy risks of in-context learning. However, existing approaches overlook a critical component of modern large language…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-07 Antti Koskela , Tejas Kulkarni , Laith Zumot

Fine-tuning large language models (LLMs) for specific tasks introduces privacy risks, as models may inadvertently memorise and leak sensitive training data. While Differential Privacy (DP) offers a solution to mitigate these risks, it…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-26 Olivia Ma , Jonathan Passerat-Palmbach , Dmitrii Usynin

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated exceptional capabilities in text understanding and generation, and they are increasingly being utilized across various domains to enhance productivity. However, due to the high costs of…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-11-05 Yu Mao , Xueping Liao , Wei Liu , Anjia Yang

Recent developments in deep learning have led to great success in various natural language processing (NLP) tasks. However, these applications may involve data that contain sensitive information. Therefore, how to achieve good performance…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-24 Lijie Hu , Ivan Habernal , Lei Shen , Di Wang

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities across diverse natural language processing tasks, but their tendency to memorize training data poses significant privacy risks, particularly during fine-tuning…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-21 Badrinath Ramakrishnan , Akshaya Balaji

Although Large Language Models (LLMs) have become increasingly integral to diverse applications, their capabilities raise significant privacy concerns. This survey offers a comprehensive overview of privacy risks associated with LLMs and…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-05-06 Kang Chen , Xiuze Zhou , Yuanguo Lin , Shibo Feng , Li Shen , Pengcheng Wu