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In this letter, we consider transceivers with spatially-constrained antenna apertures of rectangular symmetry, and aim to improve of spatial degrees of freedom (DoF) and channel capacity leveraging evanescent waves for information…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2022-08-30 Ran Ji , Shuo Chen , Chongwen Huang , Wei E. I. Sha , Zhaoyang Zhang , Chau Yuen , Mérouane Debbah

Holographic multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) communications are widely recognized as a promising candidate for the next-generation air interface. With holographic MIMO surface, the number of the spatial degrees-of-freedom (DoFs)…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2023-09-25 Shuaishuai Guo , Jia Ye , Kaiqian Qu , Shuping Dang

The number of spatial degrees of freedom (NDoF) and channel strength in antenna systems are examined within a geometric framework. Starting from a correlation-operator representation of the channel between transmitter and receiver regions,…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-03-31 Mats Gustafsson , Yaniv Brick

Multiple-antenna technologies are advancing towards large-scale aperture sizes and extremely high frequencies, leading to the emergence of near-field communications (NFC) in future wireless systems. To this context, we investigate the…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2023-08-03 Chongjun Ouyang , Yuanwei Liu , Xingqi Zhang , Lajos Hanzo

This paper investigates a design framework for sparse fluid antenna systems (FAS) enabling high-performance direction-of-arrival (DOA) estimation, particularly in challenging millimeter-wave (mmWave) environments. By ingeniously harnessing…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-08-15 He Xu , Tuo Wu , Ye Tian , Ming Jin , Wei Liu , Qinghua Guo , Maged Elkashlan , Matthew C. Valenti , Chan-Byoung Chae , Kin-Fai Tong , Kai-Kit Wong

We investigate achievable degrees of freedom (DoF) for a multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) multiway relay channel (mRC) with $L$ clusters and $K$ users per cluster. Each user is equipped with $M$ antennas and the relay with $N$…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2014-04-08 Xiaojun Yuan

Previous studies have confirmed the adverse impact of fading correlation on the mutual information (MI) of two-dimensional (2D) multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems. More recently, the trend is to enhance the system performance by…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2016-04-21 Qurrat-Ul-Ain Nadeem , Abla Kammoun , Merouane Debbah , Mohamed-Slim Alouini

This paper examines the number of communication modes, that is, the degrees of freedom (DoF) in a wireless line-of-sight channel comprising a small continuous linear intelligent antenna array in the near field of a large one. The framework…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2025-07-17 Athanasios G. Kanatas , Harris K. Armeniakos , Harpreet S. Dhillon , Marco Di Renzo

In this paper, we develop a theoretical framework for analyzing the measurable information content of an unknown scene through an active electromagnetic imaging array. We consider monostatic and multistatic array architectures in a…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2018-08-07 Babak Mamandipoor , Amin Arbabian , Upamanyu Madhow

Holographic Multiple-Input and Multiple-Output (MIMO) is envisioned as a promising technology to realize unprecedented spectral efficiency by integrating a large number of antennas into a compact space. Most research on holographic MIMO is…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-01-02 Yuan Zhang , Jianhua Zhang , Yuxiang Zhang , Yuan Yao , Guangyi Liu

As a prospective key technology for the next-generation wireless communications, reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (RISs) have gained tremendous research interest in both the academia and industry in recent years. Only limited knowledge,…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2023-01-10 Shu Sun , Meixia Tao

In this paper, we study achievable degrees of freedom (DoF) of a multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) multiway relay channel (mRC) where $K$ users, each equipped with $M$ antennas, exchange messages in a pairwise manner via a common…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2015-06-18 Rui Wang , Xiaojun Yuan

In a realistic wireless environment, the multi-antenna channel usually exhibits spatially correlation fading. This is more emphasized when a large number of antennas is densely deployed, known as holographic massive MIMO (multiple-input…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2022-02-03 Özlem Tuğfe Demir , Emil Björnson , Luca Sanguinetti

The proliferation of large multi-antenna configurations operating in high frequency bands has recently challenged the conventional far-field, rich-scattering paradigm of wireless channels. Extra large antenna arrays must usually work in the…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2024-10-14 Adrian Agustin , Xavier Mestre

In this paper, we characterize the asymmetric total degrees of freedom (DoF) of a multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) 3-way channel. Each node has a separate-antenna full-duplex MIMO transceiver with a different number of antennas, where…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2016-08-02 Adel M. Elmahdy , Amr El-Keyi , Yahya Mohasseb , Tamer ElBatt , Mohammed Nafie , Karim G. Seddik , Tamer Khattab

In this paper, we study the spatial bandwidth for line-of-sight (LOS) channels with linear large-scale antenna arrays (LSAAs) in 3D space. We provide approximations to the spatial bandwidth at the center of the receiving array, of the form…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2023-08-15 Liqin Ding , Jiliang Zhang , Erik G. Ström

We study the sum degrees of freedom (DoF) of interference channels with hybrid beam-forming in which hybrid beam-forming composed of analog and digital precodings is employed at each node. For the two-user case, we completely characterize…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2015-04-28 Sung Ho Chae , Cheol Jeong

We characterize the total degrees of freedom (DoF) of the full-rank MIMO X channel with arbitrary number of antennas at each node. We elucidate that the existing outer bound is tight for any antenna configuration and provide transmit and…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2012-10-10 Adrian Agustin , Josep Vidal

This article presents an overview and analysis of spatial-to-spectral harmonic-modulated arrays (SHAs). Compared to traditional analog or digital beamforming arrays, SHAs enable concurrent multi-beamforming without requiring substantial…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-10-21 Jose Guajardo , Ali Niknejad

Full dimension (FD) multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) technology has attracted substantial research attention from both wireless industry and academia in the last few years as a promising technique for next-generation wireless…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2019-06-07 Qurrat-Ul-Ain Nadeem , Abla Kammoun , Mohamed-Slim Alouini