English
Related papers

Related papers: EvoEmpirBench: Dynamic Spatial Reasoning with Agen…

200 papers

While multimodal large language models (MLLMs) have made groundbreaking progress in embodied intelligence, they still face significant challenges in spatial reasoning for complex long-horizon tasks. To address this gap, we propose…

As Large Language Models (LLMs) increasingly power autonomous agents in robotics and embodied AI, understanding their spatial reasoning capabilities becomes crucial for ensuring reliable real-world deployment. Despite advances in language…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-07-29 Hafsteinn Einarsson

The spatial reasoning task aims to reason about the spatial relationships in 2D and 3D space, which is a fundamental capability for Visual Question Answering (VQA) and robotics. Although vision language models (VLMs) have developed rapidly…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-29 Xun Liang , Xin Guo , Zhongming Jin , Weihang Pan , Penghui Shang , Deng Cai , Binbin Lin , Jieping Ye

Not yet. We present SPACE, a benchmark that systematically evaluates spatial cognition in frontier models. Our benchmark builds on decades of research in cognitive science. It evaluates large-scale mapping abilities that are brought to bear…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-04-21 Santhosh Kumar Ramakrishnan , Erik Wijmans , Philipp Kraehenbuehl , Vladlen Koltun

Despite recent advances in understanding and leveraging long-range conversational memory, existing benchmarks still lack systematic evaluation of large language models(LLMs) across diverse memory dimensions, particularly in multi-session…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-08 Ye Shen , Dun Pei , Yiqiu Guo , Junying Wang , Yijin Guo , Zicheng Zhang , Qi Jia , Jun Zhou , Guangtao Zhai

Spatial Reasoning is an important component of human cognition and is an area in which the latest Vision-language models (VLMs) show signs of difficulty. The current analysis works use image captioning tasks and visual question answering.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-11 Akshar Tumu , Varad Shinde , Parisa Kordjamshidi

Spatial transcriptomics assays are rapidly increasing in scale and complexity, making computational analysis a major bottleneck in biological discovery. Although frontier AI agents have improved dramatically at software engineering and…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-06 Kenny Workman , Zhen Yang , Harihara Muralidharan , Hannah Le

3D spatial reasoning is the ability to analyze and interpret the positions, orientations, and spatial relationships of objects within the 3D space. This allows models to develop a comprehensive understanding of the 3D scene, enabling their…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-17 Wufei Ma , Haoyu Chen , Guofeng Zhang , Yu-Cheng Chou , Jieneng Chen , Celso M de Melo , Alan Yuille

Spatial intelligence unfolds through a perception-action loop: agents act to acquire observations, and reason about how observations vary as a function of action. Rather than passively processing what is seen, they actively uncover what is…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Yining Hong , Jiageng Liu , Han Yin , Manling Li , Leonidas Guibas , Li Fei-Fei , Jiajun Wu , Yejin Choi

Existing Agent benchmarks suffer from two critical limitations: high environment interaction overhead (up to 41\% of total evaluation time) and imbalanced task horizon and difficulty distributions that make aggregate scores unreliable. To…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-13 Wang Yang , Chaoda Song , Xinpeng Li , Debargha Ganguly , Chuang Ma , Shouren Wang , Zhihao Dou , Yuli Zhou , Vipin Chaudhary , Xiaotian Han

Recent advances in multimodal large language models (MLLMs) have shown remarkable capabilities in integrating vision and language for complex reasoning. While most existing benchmarks evaluate models under offline settings with a fixed set…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-15 Jingli Lin , Chenming Zhu , Runsen Xu , Xiaohan Mao , Xihui Liu , Tai Wang , Jiangmiao Pang

Spatial reasoning is an essential problem in embodied AI research. Efforts to enhance spatial reasoning abilities through supplementary spatial data and fine-tuning have proven limited and ineffective when addressing complex embodied tasks,…

Recent advancements in large language models (LLMs) have led to remarkable performance across a wide range of language understanding and mathematical tasks. As a result, increasing attention has been given to assessing the true reasoning…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-14 Jonas Golde , Patrick Haller , Fabio Barth , Alan Akbik

Deep reasoning is fundamental for solving complex tasks, especially in vision-centric scenarios that demand sequential, multimodal understanding. However, existing benchmarks typically evaluate agents with fully synthetic, single-turn…

Agent memory shapes how Large Language Model (LLM)-powered agents, akin to the human brain, progressively refine themselves through environment interactions. Existing paradigms remain constrained: parametric memory forcibly adjusts model…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-14 Guibin Zhang , Muxin Fu , Shuicheng Yan

Visual reasoning, the capability to interpret visual input in response to implicit text query through multi-step reasoning, remains a challenge for deep learning models due to the lack of relevant benchmarks. Previous work in visual…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-20 Yiqing Shen , Chenjia Li , Chenxiao Fan , Mathias Unberath

Optimal decision-making presents a significant challenge for autonomous systems operating in uncertain, stochastic and time-varying environments. Environmental variability over time can significantly impact the system's optimal decision…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-03-11 Gokul Puthumanaillam , Xiangyu Liu , Negar Mehr , Melkior Ornik

Spatial reasoning is a key aspect of cognitive psychology and remains a bottleneck for current vision-language models (VLMs). While extensive research has aimed to evaluate or improve VLMs' understanding of basic spatial relations, such as…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Mengdi Jia , Zekun Qi , Shaochen Zhang , Wenyao Zhang , Xinqiang Yu , Jiawei He , He Wang , Li Yi

Balancing scientific exposition and narrative engagement is a central challenge in science communication. To examine how to achieve balance, we conducted a formative study with four science communicators and a literature review of science…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Kexue Fu , Jiaye Leng , Yawen Zhang , Jingfei Huang , Yihang Zuo , Runze Cai , Zijian Ding , Ray LC , Shengdong Zhao , Qinyuan Lei

Multimodal large language models (MLLMs) are proficient in perception and instruction-following, but they still struggle with spatial reasoning: the ability to mentally track and manipulate objects across multiple views and over time.…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-12-30 Ryan Spencer , Roey Yaari , Ritvik Vemavarapu , Joyce Yang , Steven Ngo , Utkarsh Sharma