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This paper shows that time series forecasting Transformer (TSFT) suffers from severe over-fitting problem caused by improper initialization method of unknown decoder inputs, esp. when handling non-stationary time series. Based on this…

As current computing capabilities increase, modern machine learning and computer vision system tend to increase in complexity, mostly by means of larger models and advanced optimization strategies. Although often neglected, in many problems…

Detecting multiple change points in functional data sequences has been increasingly popular and critical in various scientific fields. In this article, we propose a novel two-stage framework for detecting multiple change points in…

High myopia significantly increases the risk of irreversible vision loss. Traditional perimetry-based visual field (VF) assessment provides systematic quantification of visual loss but it is subjective and time-consuming. Consequently,…

Segmentation of blood vessels in retinal images provides early diagnosis of diseases like glaucoma, diabetic retinopathy and macular degeneration. Among these diseases occurrence of Glaucoma is most frequent and has serious ocular…

Objective: To develop an explainable multimodal large language model (MM-LLM) that (1) screens optic nerve head (ONH) OCT circle scans for quality and (2) generates structured clinical reports that include glaucoma diagnosis and sector-wise…

In medical time series disease diagnosis, two key challenges are identified.First, the high annotation cost of medical data leads to overfitting in models trained on label-limited, single-center datasets. To address this, we propose…

Glioma, an aggressive brain malignancy characterized by rapid progression and its poor prognosis, poses significant challenges for accurate evolution prediction. These challenges are exacerbated by sparse, irregularly acquired longitudinal…

Glaucoma is a chronic eye disease that leads to irreversible vision loss. The cup to disc ratio (CDR) plays an important role in the screening and diagnosis of glaucoma. Thus, the accurate and automatic segmentation of optic disc (OD) and…

Integrating non-Euclidean brain imaging data with Euclidean tabular data, such as clinical and demographic information, poses a substantial challenge for medical imaging analysis, particularly in forecasting future outcomes. While machine…

Time series forecasting (TSF) is critical across domains such as finance, meteorology, and energy. While extending the lookback window theoretically provides richer historical context, in practice, it often introduces irrelevant noise and…

We propose a new method for training convolutional neural networks which integrates reinforcement learning along with supervised learning and use ti for transfer learning for classification of glaucoma from colored fundus images. The…

Computed tomography (CT) imaging could be very practical for diagnosing various diseases. However, the nature of the CT images is even more diverse since the resolution and number of the slices of a CT scan are determined by the machine and…

In recent years, monocular depth estimation is applied to understand the surrounding 3D environment and has made great progress. However, there is an ill-posed problem on how to gain depth information directly from a single image. With the…

The Phase Diverse Speckle (PDS) problem is formulated mathematically as Multi Frame Blind Deconvolution (MFBD) together with a set of Linear Equality Constraints (LECs) on the wavefront expansion parameters. This MFBD-LEC formulation is…

Time series foundation models (TSFMs) have recently achieved strong zero-shot forecasting performance through large-scale pretraining and retrieval-augmented prediction. However, our empirical analysis reveals a non-trivial limitation of…

Purpose: (1) To assess the performance of geometric deep learning (PointNet) in diagnosing glaucoma from a single optical coherence tomography (OCT) 3D scan of the optic nerve head (ONH); (2) To compare its performance to that obtained with…

Diabetic retinopathy (DR) and diabetic macular edema (DME) are leading causes of permanent blindness worldwide. Designing an automatic grading system with good generalization ability for DR and DME is vital in clinical practice. However,…

Data-driven modeling plays an increasingly important role in different areas of engineering. For most of existing methods, such as genetic programming (GP), the convergence speed might be too slow for large scale problems with a large…

Depression has been the leading cause of mental-health illness worldwide. Major depressive disorder (MDD), is a common mental health disorder that affects both psychologically as well as physically which could lead to loss of lives. Due to…