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Membership Inference Attacks (MIAs) have emerged as a principled framework for auditing the privacy of synthetic data generated by tabular generative models, where many diverse methods have been proposed that each exploit different privacy…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-09-09 Joshua Ward , Yuxuan Yang , Chi-Hua Wang , Guang Cheng

Membership inference attacks (MIAs) test whether a target data record belongs to a system's private data, and have become a standard tool to measure privacy leakage in machine learning systems. Prior work has primarily focused on training…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-28 Kai Chen , Yan Pang , Tianhao Wang

Diffusion-based generative models have shown great potential for image synthesis, but there is a lack of research on the security and privacy risks they may pose. In this paper, we investigate the vulnerability of diffusion models to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-05-31 Jinhao Duan , Fei Kong , Shiqi Wang , Xiaoshuang Shi , Kaidi Xu

Diffusion models have achieved remarkable progress in image generation, but their increasing deployment raises serious concerns about privacy. In particular, fine-tuned models are highly vulnerable, as they are often fine-tuned on small and…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-01-30 Puwei Lian , Yujun Cai , Songze Li , Bingkun Bao

Membership inference attacks (MIA) can reveal whether a particular data point was part of the training dataset, potentially exposing sensitive information about individuals. This article provides theoretical guarantees by exploring the…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-10-08 Eric Aubinais , Elisabeth Gassiat , Pablo Piantanida

Membership inference attacks (MIAs) aim to infer whether a data point has been used to train a machine learning model. These attacks can be employed to identify potential privacy vulnerabilities and detect unauthorized use of personal data.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-03 Myeongseob Ko , Ming Jin , Chenguang Wang , Ruoxi Jia

Membership inference attacks (MIAs) have been extensively studied in large language models (LLMs) and vision-language models (VLMs), yet their implications for vision-language-action (VLA) models remain largely unexplored. VLA models differ…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-11 Yuefeng Peng , Mingzhe Li , Kejing Xia , Renhao Zhang , Amir Houmansadr

Training machine learning models on privacy-sensitive data has become a popular practice, driving innovation in ever-expanding fields. This has opened the door to new attacks that can have serious privacy implications. One such attack, the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-06-16 Thomas Humphries , Simon Oya , Lindsey Tulloch , Matthew Rafuse , Ian Goldberg , Urs Hengartner , Florian Kerschbaum

A Membership Inference Attack (MIA) assesses how much a trained machine learning model reveals about its training data by determining whether specific query instances were included in the dataset. We classify existing MIAs into adaptive or…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-09-09 Yuntao Du , Jiacheng Li , Yuetian Chen , Kaiyuan Zhang , Zhizhen Yuan , Hanshen Xiao , Bruno Ribeiro , Ninghui Li

Analyzing time-series data that contains personal information, particularly in the medical field, presents serious privacy concerns. Sensitive health data from patients is often used to train machine learning models for diagnostics and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-09-24 Noam Koren , Abigail Goldsteen , Guy Amit , Ariel Farkash

Membership inference attack (MIA) has become one of the most widely used and effective methods for evaluating the privacy risks of machine learning models. These attacks aim to determine whether a specific sample is part of the model's…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-06-04 Jing Xue , Zhishen Sun , Haishan Ye , Luo Luo , Xiangyu Chang , Ivor Tsang , Guang Dai

Generative AI systems are quickly improving, now able to produce believable output in several modalities including images, text, and audio. However, this fast development has prompted increased scrutiny concerning user privacy and the use…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-12-29 Kurtis Chow , Omar Samiullah , Vinesh Sridhar , Hewen Zhang

Membership inference attacks (MIAs) reveal whether specific data was used to train machine learning models, serving as important tools for privacy auditing and compliance assessment. Recent studies have reported that MIAs perform only…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-09 Disha Makhija , Manoj Ghuhan Arivazhagan , Vinayshekhar Bannihatti Kumar , Rashmi Gangadharaiah

Membership Inference Attacks (MIAs) are currently a dominant approach for evaluating privacy in machine learning applications. Despite their significance in identifying records belonging to the training dataset, several concerns remain…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-23 Cristina Pêra , Tânia Carvalho , Maxime Cordy , Luís Antunes

Membership Inference Attacks (MIA) aim to infer whether a target data record has been utilized for model training or not. Existing MIAs designed for large language models (LLMs) can be bifurcated into two types: reference-free and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-27 Wenjie Fu , Huandong Wang , Chen Gao , Guanghua Liu , Yong Li , Tao Jiang

Membership Inference Attack (MIA) determines the presence of a record in a machine learning model's training data by querying the model. Prior work has shown that the attack is feasible when the model is overfitted to its training data or…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2018-02-15 Yunhui Long , Vincent Bindschaedler , Lei Wang , Diyue Bu , Xiaofeng Wang , Haixu Tang , Carl A. Gunter , Kai Chen

Membership Inference Attack (MIA) aims to determine whether a specific data sample was included in the training dataset of a target model. Traditional MIA approaches rely on shadow models to mimic target model behavior, but their…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-03-20 Li Cuihong , Huang Xiaowen , Yin Chuanhuan , Sang Jitao

Learned recommender systems may inadvertently leak information about their training data, leading to privacy violations. We investigate privacy threats faced by recommender systems through the lens of membership inference. In such attacks,…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2022-06-29 Zihan Wang , Na Huang , Fei Sun , Pengjie Ren , Zhumin Chen , Hengliang Luo , Maarten de Rijke , Zhaochun Ren

Previous studies have developed fairness methods for biased models that exhibit discriminatory behaviors towards specific subgroups. While these models have shown promise in achieving fair predictions, recent research has identified their…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-08-28 Huan Tian , Guangsheng Zhang , Bo Liu , Tianqing Zhu , Ming Ding , Wanlei Zhou

Data is the foundation of most science. Unfortunately, sharing data can be obstructed by the risk of violating data privacy, impeding research in fields like healthcare. Synthetic data is a potential solution. It aims to generate data that…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-02-27 Boris van Breugel , Hao Sun , Zhaozhi Qian , Mihaela van der Schaar