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Accurate and timely rain prediction is crucial for decision making and is also a challenging task. This paper presents a solution which won the 2 nd prize in the Weather4cast 2022 NeurIPS competition using 3D U-Nets and EarthFormers for…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-12-07 Yang Li , Haiyu Dong , Zuliang Fang , Jonathan Weyn , Pete Luferenko

Precipitation remains one of the most challenging climate variables to observe and predict accurately. Existing datasets face intricate trade-offs: gauge observations are relatively trustworthy but sparse, satellites provide global coverage…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2025-06-24 Sencan Sun , Congyi Nai , Baoxiang Pan , Wentao Li , Lu Li , Xin Li , Efi Foufoula-Georgiou , Yanluan Lin

Research on Artificial Intelligence (AI)-based Data Assimilation (DA) is expanding rapidly. However, the absence of an objective, comprehensive, and real-world benchmark hinders the fair comparison of diverse methods. Here, we introduce…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-17 Wuxin Wang , Weicheng Ni , Ben Fei , Tao Han , Lilan Huang , Taikang Yuan , Xiaoyong Li , Lei Bai , Boheng Duan , Kaijun Ren

Regression algorithms are regularly used for improving the accuracy of satellite precipitation products. In this context, satellite precipitation and topography data are the predictor variables, and gauged-measured precipitation data are…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-17 Georgia Papacharalampous , Hristos Tyralis , Nikolaos Doulamis , Anastasios Doulamis

Despite continuous improvements, precipitation forecasts are still not as accurate and reliable as those of other meteorological variables. A major contributing factor to this is that several key processes affecting precipitation…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2022-11-09 Lucy Harris , Andrew T. T. McRae , Matthew Chantry , Peter D. Dueben , Tim N. Palmer

High-resolution rainfall estimates from satellite and reanalysis sources (SRE) could play a major role in improving climate services for agriculture. This is particularly relevant in regions that rely on rain-fed farming but lack a dense…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2026-03-18 Danny Parsons , David Stern , Denis Ndanguza , Mouhamadou Bamba Sylla , James Musyoka , John Bagiliko , Graham Clarkson , Peter Dorward

To facilitate effective decision-making, precipitation datasets should include uncertainty estimates. Quantile regression with machine learning has been proposed for issuing such estimates. Distributional regression offers distinct…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-07 Georgia Papacharalampous , Hristos Tyralis , Nikolaos Doulamis , Anastasios Doulamis

The ability to analyze and forecast stratospheric weather conditions is fundamental to addressing climate change. However, our capacity to collect data in the stratosphere is limited by sparsely deployed weather balloons. We propose a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-12-06 Kiwan Maeng , Iskender Kushan , Brandon Lucia , Ashish Kapoor

In integrated surveillance systems based on visual cameras, the mitigation of adverse weather conditions is an active research topic. Within this field, rain removal algorithms have been developed that artificially remove rain streaks from…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-09-06 Joakim Bruslund Haurum , Chris H. Bahnsen , Thomas B. Moeslund

A recent report from the World Meteorological Organization (WMO) highlights that water-related disasters have caused the highest human losses among natural disasters over the past 50 years, with over 91\% of deaths occurring in low-income…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-14 Ting-Yu Dai , Hayato Ushijima-Mwesigwa

Line of sight satellite systems, unmanned aerial vehicles, high-altitude platforms, and microwave links that operate on frequency bands such as Ka-band or higher are extremely susceptible to rain. Thus, rain fade forecasting for these…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-10-05 Aidin Ferdowsi , David Whitefield

Recently, deep-learning weather forecasting models have surpassed traditional numerical models in terms of the accuracy of meteorological variables. However, there is considerable potential for improvements in precipitation forecasts,…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2024-11-20 Weiwen Ji , Jin Feng , Yueqi Liu , Yulu Qiu , Hua Gao

This paper introduces Precipitation Attention-based U-Net (PAUNet), a deep learning architecture for predicting precipitation from satellite radiance data, addressing the challenges of the Weather4cast 2023 competition. PAUNet is a variant…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2023-12-01 P. Jyoteeshkumar Reddy , Harish Baki , Sandeep Chinta , Richard Matear , John Taylor

Accurate evaluation of weather forecasting models is critical for their reliable deployment in real-world applications. However, existing benchmarks predominantly rely on reanalysis products such as ERA5, which are generated through delayed…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Ruize Li , Zhibin Wen , Tao Han , Hao Chen , Fenghua Ling , Wei Zhang , Song Guo , Lei Bai

Precipitation prediction has undergone a profound transformation. A notable limitation of traditional NWP is the need for extensive statistical post-processing. To address this challenge, neural network-based approaches were developed.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-03 Yugong Zeng , Jiayuan Wang , Jonathan Wu

We present a comprehensive study and evaluation of existing single image deraining algorithms, using a new large-scale benchmark consisting of both synthetic and real-world rainy images.This dataset highlights diverse data sources and image…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-03-21 Siyuan Li , Iago Breno Araujo , Wenqi Ren , Zhangyang Wang , Eric K. Tokuda , Roberto Hirata Junior , Roberto Cesar-Junior , Jiawan Zhang , Xiaojie Guo , Xiaochun Cao

We propose a large-scale dataset of real-world rainy and clean image pairs and a method to remove degradations, induced by rain streaks and rain accumulation, from the image. As there exists no real-world dataset for deraining, current…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-30 Yunhao Ba , Howard Zhang , Ethan Yang , Akira Suzuki , Arnold Pfahnl , Chethan Chinder Chandrappa , Celso de Melo , Suya You , Stefano Soatto , Alex Wong , Achuta Kadambi

Meteorological agencies around the world rely on real-time flood guidance to issue life-saving advisories and warnings. For decades traditional numerical weather prediction (NWP) models have been state-of-the-art for precipitation…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Levi Harris , Tianlong Chen

Accurate weather forecasts are critical for societal planning and disaster preparedness. Yet these forecasts remain challenging to produce and evaluate, especially in regions with sparse observational coverage. Current evaluation of…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2025-09-30 Aman Gupta , Aditi Sheshadri , Dhruv Suri

Motion forecasting plays a significant role in various domains (e.g., autonomous driving, human-robot interaction), which aims to predict future motion sequences given a set of historical observations. However, the observed elements may be…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-08-04 Jiachen Li , Fan Yang , Hengbo Ma , Srikanth Malla , Masayoshi Tomizuka , Chiho Choi