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We investigate the polarization modes of gravitational waves in $f(Q)$ non-metric gravity without gauge fixing. The main result of this study is that no further scalar mode appears more than the two standard plus and cross transverse…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2024-06-11 Salvatore Capozziello , Maurizio Capriolo

In general relativity, a gravitational wave has two polarization modes (tensor mode), but it could have additional polarizations (scalar and vector modes) in the early stage of the universe, where the general relativity may not strictly…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2014-11-20 Atsushi Nishizawa , Atsushi Taruya , Seiji Kawamura

The detection of gravitational waves (GWs) propagating through cosmic structures can provide invaluable information on the geometry and content of our Universe, as well as on the fundamental theory of gravity. In order to test possible…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2020-11-25 Alice Garoffolo , Gianmassimo Tasinato , Carmelita Carbone , Daniele Bertacca , Sabino Matarrese

We search NANOGrav's 12.5-year data set for evidence of a gravitational wave background (GWB) with all the spatial correlations allowed by general metric theories of gravity. We find no substantial evidence in favor of the existence of such…

This thesis focuses on gravitational waves (GWs) that arise beyond linear order in cosmological perturbation theory. In recent years, scalar-induced GWs have attracted significant attention because they may serve as the observational…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2026-01-13 Raphael Picard

Primordial gravitational waves (GWs) are said to be a smoking gun in cosmic inflation, while, even if they are detected, the specification of their origins are still required for establishing a true inflationary model. Testing…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2019-07-24 Maresuke Shiraishi

We present two methods for determining the significance of a stochastic gravitational-wave (GW) background affecting a pulsar-timing array, where detection is based on evidence for quadrupolar spatial correlations between pulsars. Rather…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2017-02-13 S. R. Taylor , L. Lentati , S. Babak , P. Brem , J. R. Gair , A. Sesana , A. Vecchio

A new approach to the problem of gravitational waves detection based on simultaneous timing of several pulsars and subsequent expansion of the post-fit timing data into components of different spectral kind (with different spectral indices)…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-20 Alexander E. Rodin

Gravitational wave (GW) oscillations occur whenever there are additional tensor modes interacting with the perturbations of the metric coupled to matter. These extra modes can arise from new spin-2 fields (as in e.g. bigravity theories) or…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2020-04-22 Jose Beltrán Jiménez , Jose María Ezquiaga , Lavinia Heisenberg

Scalar polarization modes of gravitational waves, which are often introduced in the context of the viable extension of gravity, have been actively searched. However, couplings of the scalar modes to the matter are strongly constrained by…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2023-07-19 Hiroki Takeda , Yusuke Manita , Hidetoshi Omiya , Takahiro Tanaka

We hereby propose an alternative and additional angle on the nature of gravitational waves (GWs), postulating the theoretical and experimental possibility that GWs carry a deformation of the time component of spacetime, other than the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2023-06-06 Stefano Bondani , Sergio Luigi Cacciatori

Gravitational waves (GWs) can undoubtedly serve as a messenger from the early Universe acting as well as a novel probe of the underlying gravity theory. In this work, motivated by one-loop vacuum-polarization effects on curved spacetime, we…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2024-09-02 Theodoros Papanikolaou , Charalampos Tzerefos , Salvatore Capozziello , Gaetano Lambiase

The spatial covariant gravities provide a natural way to including odd-order spatial derivative terms into the gravitational action, which breaks the parity symmetry at gravitational sector. A lot of parity-violating scalar-tensor theories…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2023-02-08 Tao Zhu , Wen Zhao , Anzhong Wang

Gravitational wave (GW) detectors operating on a long time range can be used for the study of space distribution of sources of GW bursts or to put strong upper limits on the GW signal of a wide class of source candidates. For this purpose…

Astrophysics · Physics 2008-11-26 G. Paturel , Yu. B. Baryshev

We perform the first search for an isotropic non-tensorial gravitational-wave background (GWB) allowed in general metric theories of gravity in the North American Nanohertz Observatory for Gravitational Waves (NANOGrav) 12.5-year data set.…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2025-03-28 Zu-Cheng Chen , Chen Yuan , Qing-Guo Huang

The stochastic gravitational wave background (SGWB) contains a wealth of information on astrophysical and cosmological processes. A major challenge of upcoming years will be to extract the information contained in this background and to…

We investigate the production and detection of gravitational waves (GWs) within the framework of Gravitational Quantum Field Theory (GQFT). In this theory, GWs exhibit five propagating modes: one scalar, two vector, and two tensor modes.…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-06-27 Yuan-Kun Gao , Da Huang , Yue-Liang Wu

The detection of gravitational wave signals by Advanced LIGO and Advanced Virgo enables us to probe the polarization content of gravitational waves. In general relativity, only tensor modes are present, while in a variety of alternative…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2020-06-05 Peter T. H. Pang , Rico K. L. Lo , Isaac C. F. Wong , Tjonnie G. F. Li , Chris Van Den Broeck

Many models of physics beyond the Standard Model predict a strong first-order phase transition (SFOPT) in the early Universe that leads to observable gravitational waves (GWs). In this paper, we propose a novel method for presenting and…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2020-03-09 Tommi Alanne , Thomas Hugle , Moritz Platscher , Kai Schmitz

Cosmological Gravitational Waves (GWs) are usually associated with the transverse-traceless part of the metric perturbations in the context of the theory of cosmological perturbations. These modes are just the usual polarizations `+' and…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2014-11-20 Marcio E. S. Alves , Oswaldo D. Miranda , Jose C. N. de Araujo