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Large language model (LLM)-based search agents have proven promising for addressing knowledge-intensive problems by incorporating information retrieval capabilities. Existing works largely focus on optimizing the reasoning paradigms of…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-09 Tongyu Wen , Guanting Dong , Zhicheng Dou

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) systems have been popular for generative applications, powering language models by injecting external knowledge. Companies have been trying to leverage their large catalog of documents (e.g. PDFs,…

The semantic gap between colloquial user queries and professional legal documents presents a fundamental challenge in Legal Case Retrieval (LCR). Existing dense retrieval methods typically treat LCR as a black-box semantic matching process,…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Minghan Li , Tianrui Lv , Chao Zhang , Guodong Zhou

We develop a two-stage retrieval system that combines multiple complementary retrieval methods with a learned reranker and LLM-based reranking, to address the TREC Tip-of-the-Tongue (ToT) task. In the first stage, we employ hybrid retrieval…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-02-17 Wenxin Zhou , Ritesh Mehta , Anthony Miyaguchi

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated exceptional proficiency in text understanding and embedding tasks. However, their potential in multimodal representation, particularly for item-to-item (I2I) recommendations, remains…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-01-22 Chao Zhang , Haoxin Zhang , Shiwei Wu , Di Wu , Tong Xu , Xiangyu Zhao , Yan Gao , Yao Hu , Enhong Chen

Embedding models have become essential for retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) tasks, semantic clustering, and text re-ranking. But despite their growing use, many of these come with notable limitations. For example, Jina fails to capture…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-05-21 Anand Selvadurai , Jasheen Shaik , Girish Chandrasekar , ShriRadhaKrishnan Balamurugan , Eswara Reddy

The rapid advancement of Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) has extended CLIP-based frameworks to produce powerful, universal embeddings for retrieval tasks. However, existing methods primarily focus on natural images, offering…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-03 Weijian Jian , Yajun Zhang , Dawei Liang , Chunyu Xie , Yixiao He , Dawei Leng , Yuhui Yin

Beyond general web-scale search, social network search uniquely enables users to retrieve information and discover potential connections within their social context. We introduce a framework of modernized Facebook Group Scoped Search by…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-09-18 Yongye Su , Zeya Zhang , Jane Kou , Cheng Ju , Shubhojeet Sarkar , Yamin Wang , Ji Liu , Shengbo Guo

Despite the success of text retrieval in many NLP tasks, code retrieval remains a largely underexplored area. Most text retrieval systems are tailored for natural language queries, often neglecting the specific challenges of retrieving…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-08-11 Ye Liu , Rui Meng , Shafiq Joty , Silvio Savarese , Caiming Xiong , Yingbo Zhou , Semih Yavuz

Dense retrieval calls for discriminative embeddings to represent the semantic relationship between query and document. It may benefit from the using of large language models (LLMs), given LLMs' strong capability on semantic understanding.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-25 Zheng Liu , Chaofan Li , Shitao Xiao , Yingxia Shao , Defu Lian

Retrieval is a crucial stage in web search that identifies a small set of query-relevant candidates from a billion-scale corpus. Discovering more semantically-related candidates in the retrieval stage is very promising to expose more…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2021-10-19 Yiding Liu , Guan Huang , Jiaxiang Liu , Weixue Lu , Suqi Cheng , Yukun Li , Daiting Shi , Shuaiqiang Wang , Zhicong Cheng , Dawei Yin

The growth of pending legal cases in populous countries, such as India, has become a major issue. Developing effective techniques to process and understand legal documents is extremely useful in resolving this problem. In this paper, we…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-07-20 Xin Jin , Yuchen Wang

Motivated by the growing demand for retrieval systems that operate across modalities, we introduce llama-nemoretriever-colembed, a unified text-image retrieval model that delivers state-of-the-art performance across multiple benchmarks. We…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-09 Mengyao Xu , Gabriel Moreira , Ronay Ak , Radek Osmulski , Yauhen Babakhin , Zhiding Yu , Benedikt Schifferer , Even Oldridge

In this work, we address the challenge of multilingual category relevance judgment in e-commerce search, where traditional ensemble-based systems improve accuracy but at the cost of heavy training, inference, and maintenance complexity. To…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-01-12 Haotao Xie , Ruilin Chen , Yicheng Wu , Zhan Zhao , Yuanyuan Liu

Most state-of-the-art approaches for named-entity recognition (NER) use semi supervised information in the form of word clusters and lexicons. Recently neural network-based language models have been explored, as they as a byproduct generate…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2014-04-23 Alexandre Passos , Vineet Kumar , Andrew McCallum

Search engines often follow a two-phase paradigm where in the first stage (the retrieval stage) an initial set of documents is retrieved and in the second stage (the re-ranking stage) the documents are re-ranked to obtain the final result…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2020-10-06 Saar Kuzi , Mingyang Zhang , Cheng Li , Michael Bendersky , Marc Najork

Legal documents pose unique challenges for text classification due to their domain-specific language and often limited labeled data. This paper proposes a hybrid approach for classifying legal texts by combining unsupervised topic and graph…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-09-03 Deepak Bastola , Woohyeok Choi

We describe our system for SemEval-2026 Task 8 (MTRAGEval), participating in Task A (Retrieval) across four English-language domains. Our approach employs a three-stage pipeline: (1) query rewriting via a LoRA-fine-tuned Qwen 2.5 7B model…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-13 David-Maximilian Caraman , Gheorghe Cosmin Silaghi

Recently, large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated impressive capabilities in dealing with new tasks with the help of in-context learning (ICL). In the study of Large Vision-Language Models (LVLMs), when implementing ICL, researchers…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-11 Ellen Yi-Ge , Jiechao Gao , Wei Han , Wei Zhu

We address the challenge of retrieving previously fact-checked claims in monolingual and crosslingual settings - a critical task given the global prevalence of disinformation. Our approach follows a two-stage strategy: a reliable baseline…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-16 Prasanna Devadiga , Arya Suneesh , Pawan Kumar Rajpoot , Bharatdeep Hazarika , Aditya U Baliga