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Optimal transport (OT) is a widely used technique in machine learning, graphics, and vision that aligns two distributions or datasets using their relative geometry. In symmetry-rich settings, however, OT alignments based solely on pairwise…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-26 Annabel Ma , Kaiying Hou , David Alvarez-Melis , Melanie Weber

In machine learning, Optimal Transport (OT) theory is extensively utilized to compare probability distributions across various applications, such as graph data represented by node distributions and image data represented by pixel…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-30 Jianming Huang , Xun Su , Zhongxi Fang , Hiroyuki Kasai

We develop a statistical inference method for an optimal transport map between distributions on real numbers with uniform confidence bands. The concept of optimal transport (OT) is used to measure distances between distributions, and OT…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2024-02-16 Donlapark Ponnoprat , Ryo Okano , Masaaki Imaizumi

In the realm of computer vision and graphics, accurately establishing correspondences between geometric 3D shapes is pivotal for applications like object tracking, registration, texture transfer, and statistical shape analysis. Moving…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-05 Tung Le , Khai Nguyen , Shanlin Sun , Nhat Ho , Xiaohui Xie

We study the fundamental computational problem of approximating optimal transport (OT) equations using neural differential equations (Neural ODEs). More specifically, we develop a novel framework for approximating unbalanced optimal…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2026-05-21 Minh-Nhat Phung , Minh-Binh Tran

Optimal Transport (OT) theory has seen an increasing amount of attention from the computer science community due to its potency and relevance in modeling and machine learning. It introduces means that serve as powerful ways to compare…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-06-04 Luis Caicedo Torres , Luiz Manella Pereira , M. Hadi Amini

We demonstrate the effectiveness of one of the many multi-tracer analyses enabled by Optimal Transport (OT) reconstruction. Leveraging a semi-discrete OT algorithm, we determine the displacements between initial and observed positions of…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2024-03-19 Farnik Nikakhtar , Ravi K. Sheth , Nikhil Padmanabhan , Bruno Lévy , Roya Mohayaee

Flow-based Generative Models (FGMs) effectively transform noise into complex data distributions. Incorporating Optimal Transport (OT) to couple noise and data during FGM training has been shown to improve the straightness of flow…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-20 Lingkai Kong , Molei Tao , Yang Liu , Bryan Wang , Jinmiao Fu , Chien-Chih Wang , Huidong Liu

The optimal transport (OT) problem aims to find the most efficient mapping between two probability distributions under a given cost function, and has diverse applications in many fields such as machine learning, computer vision and computer…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-04 Yan Bin Ng , Xianfeng Gu

Distributional data have become increasingly prominent in modern signal processing, highlighting the necessity of computing optimal transport (OT) maps across multiple probability distributions. Nevertheless, recent studies on neural OT…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-25 Mingchen Jiang , Peng Xu , Xichen Ye , Xiaohui Chen , Yun Yang , Yifan Chen

The objective in statistical Optimal Transport (OT) is to consistently estimate the optimal transport plan/map solely using samples from the given source and target marginal distributions. This work takes the novel approach of posing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-11-11 J. Saketha Nath , Pratik Jawanpuria

Optimal transport (OT) provides powerful tools for comparing probability measures in various types. The Wasserstein distance which arises naturally from the idea of OT is widely used in many machine learning applications. Unfortunately,…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2021-06-03 Shu Liu , Haodong Sun , Hongyuan Zha

Flow Matching (FM) generative models offer efficient simulation-free training and deterministic sampling, but their practical deployment is challenged by high-precision parameter requirements. We adapt optimal transport (OT)-based…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-17 Dara Varam , Diaa A. Abuhani , Imran Zualkernan , Raghad AlDamani , Lujain Khalil

Flow Matching (FM) is an effective framework for training a model to learn a vector field that transports samples from a source distribution to a target distribution. To train the model, early FM methods use random couplings, which often…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-30 Yexiong Lin , Yu Yao , Tongliang Liu

Optimal transportation distances are valuable for comparing and analyzing probability distributions, but larger-scale computational techniques for the theoretically favorable quadratic case are limited to smooth domains or regularized…

Other Computer Science · Computer Science 2016-03-23 Justin Solomon , Raif Rustamov , Leonidas Guibas , Adrian Butscher

Flow-matching models have recently emerged as a powerful framework for continuous generative modeling, including 3D point cloud synthesis. However, their deployment is limited by the need for multiple sequential sampling steps at inference…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-20 Elaheh Akbari , Shansita Sharma , Ping He , Ahmadreza Moradipari , Kyungtae Han , Hamed Pirsiavash , Yikun Bai , Soheil Kolouri

Solving optimal transport (OT) on random minibatches is a common surrogate for exact OT in large-scale learning. In flow matching (FM), this surrogate is used to obtain OT-like couplings that can straighten probability paths and reduce…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-13 Samuel Boïté , Julie Delon , Kimia Nadjahi

We introduce Deep Set Linearized Optimal Transport, an algorithm designed for the efficient simultaneous embedding of point clouds into an $L^2-$space. This embedding preserves specific low-dimensional structures within the Wasserstein…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-01-04 Scott Mahan , Caroline Moosmüller , Alexander Cloninger

Optimal Transport (OT) has recently emerged as a central tool in data sciences to compare in a geometrically faithful way point clouds and more generally probability distributions. The wide adoption of OT into existing data analysis and…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-01-18 Thibault Séjourné , Gabriel Peyré , François-Xavier Vialard

We study the estimation of optimal transport (OT) maps between an arbitrary source probability measure and a log-concave target probability measure. Our contributions are twofold. First, we propose a new evolution equation in the set of…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2026-04-13 Théo Dumont , Théo Lacombe , François-Xavier Vialard