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This paper proposes methods to detect outliers in functional data sets and the task of identifying atypical curves is carried out using the recently proposed kernelized functional spatial depth (KFSD). KFSD is a local depth that can be used…

Methodology · Statistics 2015-06-17 Carlo Sguera , Pedro Galeano , Rosa Lillo

A core data-centric learning challenge is the identification of training samples that are detrimental to model performance. Influence functions serve as a prominent tool for this task and offer a robust framework for assessing training data…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-04 Anshuman Chhabra , Bo Li , Jian Chen , Prasant Mohapatra , Hongfu Liu

Time Series Forecasting has been an active area of research due to its many applications ranging from network usage prediction, resource allocation, anomaly detection, and predictive maintenance. Numerous publications published in the last…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-11-08 Aryan Jadon , Avinash Patil , Shruti Jadon

Data pre-treatment plays a significant role in improving data quality, thus allowing extraction of accurate information from raw data. One of the data pre-treatment techniques commonly used is outliers detection. The so-called 3${\sigma}$…

Applications · Statistics 2021-06-29 Kamil Oster , Stefan Güttel , Jonathan L. Shapiro , Lu Chen , Megan Jobson

Outlier Detection is a critical and cardinal research task due its array of applications in variety of domains ranging from data mining, clustering, statistical analysis, fraud detection, network intrusion detection and diagnosis of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-03-15 Archit Harsh , John E. Ball , Pan Wei

The presence of outlying observations may adversely affect statistical testing procedures that result in unstable test statistics and unreliable inferences depending on the distortion in parameter estimates. In spite of the fact that the…

Methodology · Statistics 2021-04-19 Beste Hamiye Beyaztas , Soutir Bandyopadhyay , Abhijit Mandal

Outlier detection is an important topic in machine learning and has been used in a wide range of applications. Outliers are objects that are few in number and deviate from the majority of objects. As a result of these two properties, we…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-04-22 Xusheng Du , Enguang Zuo , Zhenzhen He , Jiong Yu

We revisit outlier hypothesis testing, propose exponentially consistent low complexity fixed-length and sequential tests and show that our tests achieve better tradeoff between detection performance and computational complexity than…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2026-01-09 Jun Diao , Jingjing Wang , Lin Zhou

Distributional data analysis, concerned with statistical analysis and modeling for data objects consisting of random probability density functions (PDFs) in the framework of functional data analysis (FDA), has received considerable interest…

Methodology · Statistics 2021-10-05 Xinyi Lei , Zhicheng Chen , Hui Li

Z-scores are often employed in outlier detection in a dataset. For small samples, the presence of multiple outliers forces a finite supremum on the absolute value of possible z-scores that decreases with an increasing number of outliers,…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2016-03-15 Mark Chamness , Rachel Traylor

In machine learning and data mining, outliers are data points that significantly differ from the dataset and often introduce irrelevant information that can induce bias in its statistics and models. Therefore, unsupervised methods are…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-14 Kushankur Ghosh , Murilo Coelho Naldi , Jörg Sander , Euijin Choo

Out-of-distribution (OOD) detection is an important task in machine learning systems for ensuring their reliability and safety. Deep probabilistic generative models facilitate OOD detection by estimating the likelihood of a data sample.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-06-16 Jaemoo Choi , Changyeon Yoon , Jeongwoo Bae , Myungjoo Kang

In this paper, we propose a novel {\em $e$-exponentiated} transformation, $0 \le e<1$, for loss functions. When the transformation is applied to a convex loss function, the transformed loss function become more robust to outliers. Using a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-02-21 Suvadeep Hajra

We present definitions and properties of the fast massive unsupervised outlier detection (FastMUOD) indices, used for outlier detection (OD) in functional data. FastMUOD detects outliers by computing, for each curve, an amplitude, magnitude…

Methodology · Statistics 2022-07-27 Oluwasegun Taiwo Ojo , Antonio Fernández Anta , Marc G. Genton , Rosa E. Lillo

Anomaly detection in real-world scenarios poses challenges due to dynamic and often unknown anomaly distributions, requiring robust methods that operate under an open-world assumption. This challenge is exacerbated in practical settings,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-04-24 Dayananda Herurkar , Sebastian Palacio , Ahmed Anwar , Joern Hees , Andreas Dengel

In the real world, a learning system could receive an input that is unlike anything it has seen during training. Unfortunately, out-of-distribution samples can lead to unpredictable behaviour. We need to know whether any given input belongs…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-08-21 Alireza Shafaei , Mark Schmidt , James J. Little

Recent advances in deep learning have pushed the performances of visual saliency models way further than it has ever been. Numerous models in the literature present new ways to design neural networks, to arrange gaze pattern data, or to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-07-05 Alexandre Bruckert , Hamed R. Tavakoli , Zhi Liu , Marc Christie , Olivier Le Meur

Identifying root causes of anomalies in causal processes is vital across disciplines. Once identified, one can isolate the root causes and implement necessary measures to restore the normal operation. Causal processes are often modelled as…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-12-20 Phuoc Nguyen , Truyen Tran , Sunil Gupta , Thin Nguyen , Svetha Venkatesh

Functional data present unique challenges for clustering due to their infinite-dimensional nature and potential sensitivity to outliers. An extension of the OCLUST algorithm to the functional setting is proposed to address these issues. The…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-08-06 Katharine M. Clark , Paul D. McNicholas

Outlier, or anomaly, detection is essential for optimal performance of machine learning methods and statistical predictive models. It is not just a technical step in a data cleaning process but a key topic in many fields such as fraudulent…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-02-19 O. Ramos Terrades , A. Berenguel , D. Gil