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As edge and fog computing become central to modern distributed systems, there's growing interest in combining serverless architectures with privacy-preserving machine learning techniques like federated learning (FL). However, current…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-07-08 Somayeh Sobati-M

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) enables Large Language Models (LLMs) to extend their existing knowledge by dynamically incorporating external information. However, practical deployment is fundamentally constrained by the LLM's finite…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-03-24 Jiarui Guo , Yuemeng Xu , Zongwei Lv , Yangyujia Wang , Xiaolin Wang , Kan Liu , Tao Lan , Lin Qu , Tong Yang

Concerned with user data privacy, this paper presents a new federated learning (FL) method that trains machine learning models on edge devices without accessing sensitive data. Traditional FL methods, although privacy-protective, fail to…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2023-10-03 Duy Phuong Nguyen , Sixing Yu , J. Pablo Muñoz , Ali Jannesari

Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) improves large language model reliability by grounding generated responses in external evidence. However, RAG performance depends on the relevance of retrieved passages, the quality of evidence ranking,…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-05-05 Fariba Afrin Irany , Sampson Akwafuo

Edge-cloud collaborative inference is becoming a practical necessity for LLM-powered edge devices: on-device models often cannot afford the required reasoning capability, while cloud-only inference could be prohibitively costly and slow…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2026-01-30 Jiangwen Dong , Jiayu Li , Tianhang Zheng , Wanyu Lin

The absence of training data and their distribution changes in federated learning (FL) can significantly undermine model performance, especially in cross-silo scenarios. To address this challenge, we introduce the Federated Learning with…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-29 Chih-Fan Hsu , Ming-Ching Chang , Wei-Chao Chen

Federated Learning (FL) has emerged as a promising approach for collaborative machine learning, addressing data privacy concerns. However, existing FL platforms and frameworks often present challenges for software engineers in terms of…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-09-07 Hongyi Zhang , Jan Bosch , Helena Holmström Olsson

Federated learning (FL) promises to enable collaborative machine learning across healthcare sites whilst preserving data privacy. Practical deployment remains limited by statistical heterogeneity arising from differences in patient…

Recent advances in Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) have revolutionized knowledge-intensive tasks, yet traditional RAG methods struggle when the search space is unknown or when documents are semi-structured or structured. We introduce a…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-03-25 Manie Tadayon , Mayank Gupta

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) has established itself as the standard paradigm for grounding Large Language Models (LLMs) in domain-specific, up-to-date data. However, the prevailing architecture for RAG has evolved into a complex,…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-02-27 Ahmed Bin Khalid

This study analyzes the performance of domain-specific Large Language Models (LLMs) for the medical field by integrating Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) systems within a federated learning framework. Leveraging the inherent advantages…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-01-09 Jincheol Jung , Hongju Jeong , Eui-Nam Huh

Federated Learning (FL) enables training Artificial Intelligence (AI) models over end devices without compromising their privacy. As computing tasks are increasingly performed by a combination of cloud, edge, and end devices, FL can benefit…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2024-04-30 Zhiyuan Wu , Sheng Sun , Yuwei Wang , Min Liu , Bo Gao , Quyang Pan , Tianliu He , Xuefeng Jiang

Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) extends large language models (LLMs) with external data sources to enhance factual correctness and domain coverage. Modern RAG pipelines rely on large datastores, creating a significant system challenge:…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Chien-Yu Lin , Keisuke Kamahori , Yiyu Liu , Xiaoxiang Shi , Madhav Kashyap , Yile Gu , Rulin Shao , Zihao Ye , Kan Zhu , Rohan Kadekodi , Stephanie Wang , Arvind Krishnamurthy , Luis Ceze , Baris Kasikci

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) struggles on long, structured financial filings where relevant evidence is sparse and cross-referenced. This paper presents a systematic investigation of advanced metadata-driven Retrieval-Augmented…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-10-29 Michail Dadopoulos , Anestis Ladas , Stratos Moschidis , Ioannis Negkakis

Financial documents--such as 10-Ks, 10-Qs, and investor presentations--span hundreds of pages and combine diverse modalities, including dense narrative text, structured tables, and complex figures. Answering questions over such content…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-13 Chinmay Gondhalekar , Urjitkumar Patel , Fang-Chun Yeh

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) grounds large language models in external evidence, yet it still falters when answers must be pieced together across semantically distant documents. We close this gap with the Hierarchical Lexical Graph…

Federated learning (FL) can fully leverage large-scale terminal data while ensuring privacy and security, and is considered as a distributed alternative for the centralized machine learning. However, the issue of data heterogeneity poses…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-27 Xianke Qiang , Zheng Chang , Ying-Chang Liang

Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) is a framework enabling large language models (LLMs) to enhance their accuracy and reduce hallucinations by integrating external knowledge bases. In this paper, we introduce a hybrid RAG system enhanced…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-09-04 Ye Yuan , Chengwu Liu , Jingyang Yuan , Gongbo Sun , Siqi Li , Ming Zhang

Federated Learning (FL) is critical for edge and High Performance Computing (HPC) where data is not centralized and privacy is crucial. We present OmniFed, a modular framework designed around decoupling and clear separation of concerns for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-25 Sahil Tyagi , Andrei Cozma , Olivera Kotevska , Feiyi Wang

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) encounters efficiency challenges when scaling to massive knowledge bases while preserving contextual relevance. We propose Hash-RAG, a framework that integrates deep hashing techniques with systematic…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-06-04 Jinyu Guo , Xunlei Chen , Qiyang Xia , Zhaokun Wang , Jie Ou , Libo Qin , Shunyu Yao , Wenhong Tian