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Security Operations Centers (SOCs) face growing challenges in managing cybersecurity threats due to an overwhelming volume of alerts, a shortage of skilled analysts, and poorly integrated tools. Human-AI collaboration offers a promising…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-05-13 Massimiliano Albanese , Xinming Ou , Kevin Lybarger , Daniel Lende , Dmitry Goldgof

Post-mortem analysis of compromised systems is a key aspect of cyber forensics, today a mostly manual, slow, and error-prone task. Agentic AI, i.e., LLM-powered agents, is a promising avenue for automation. However, applying such agents to…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-03-06 Stefano Fumero , Kai Huang , Matteo Boffa , Danilo Giordano , Marco Mellia , Dario Rossi

For over a decade, cybersecurity has relied on human labor scarcity to limit attackers to high-value targets manually or generic automated attacks at scale. Building sophisticated exploits requires deep expertise and manual effort, leading…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-02-04 Terry Yue Zhuo , Yangruibo Ding , Wenbo Guo , Ruijie Meng

Intrusion Detection and Prevention Systems (IDS/IPS) in large enterprises can generate hundreds of thousands of alerts per hour, overwhelming analysts with logs requiring rapidly evolving expertise. Conventional machine-learning detectors…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Francesco Blefari , Cristian Cosentino , Francesco Aurelio Pironti , Angelo Furfaro , Fabrizio Marozzo

The impact of frontier AI (i.e., AI agents and foundation models) in cybersecurity is rapidly increasing. In this paper, we comprehensively analyze this trend through multiple aspects: quantitative benchmarks, qualitative literature review,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-12-01 Yujin Potter , Wenbo Guo , Zhun Wang , Tianneng Shi , Hongwei Li , Andy Zhang , Patrick Gage Kelley , Kurt Thomas , Dawn Song

As AI systems gain increasing autonomy and execution capability, the number of discovered security vulnerabilities continues to rise. However, many of these vulnerabilities are not fundamentally novel, but instead reflect recurring classes…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-27 Kevin Eykholt , Dhilung Kirat , Xiaokui Shu , Jiyong Jang , Frederico Araujo , Ian Molloy

In recent years, agentic artificial intelligence (AI) systems are becoming increasingly widespread. These systems allow agents to use various tools, such as web browsers, compilers, and more. However, despite their popularity, agentic AI…

We undertake a comprehensive and structured synthesis of the drivers of human behavior in cybersecurity, focusing specifically on people within organizations (i.e., especially employees in companies), and integrate key concepts such as…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Klaas Ole Kürtz

With artificial intelligence (AI) becoming relevant in various parts of everyday life, other technologies are already widely influenced by the new way of handling large amounts of data. Although widespread already, AI has had only punctual…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-12-23 Christian Toemmel

Large language model-based agents are rapidly evolving from simple conversational assistants into autonomous systems capable of performing complex, professional-level tasks in various domains. While these advancements promise significant…

Logs have been widely adopted in software system development and maintenance because of the rich runtime information they record. In recent years, the increase of software size and complexity leads to the rapid growth of the volume of logs.…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-09-14 Jieming Zhu , Shilin He , Pinjia He , Jinyang Liu , Michael R. Lyu

While much work on web agents emphasizes the promise of autonomously performing tasks on behalf of users, in reality, agents often fall short on complex tasks in real-world contexts and modeling user preference. This presents an opportunity…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-02 Faria Huq , Zora Zhiruo Wang , Frank F. Xu , Tianyue Ou , Shuyan Zhou , Jeffrey P. Bigham , Graham Neubig

Artificial intelligence (AI) systems are increasingly adopted as tool-using agents that can plan, observe their environment, and take actions over extended time periods. This evolution challenges current evaluation practices where the AI…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Simone Aonzo , Merve Sahin , Aurélien Francillon , Daniele Perito

Today's AI deployments often require significant human involvement and skill in the operational stages of the model lifecycle, including pre-release testing, monitoring, problem diagnosis and model improvements. We present a set of enabling…

With the turmoil in cybersecurity and the mind-blowing advances in AI, it is only natural that cybersecurity practitioners consider further employing learning techniques to help secure their organizations and improve the efficiency of their…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-12-17 Ricardo Morla

As machine learning systems become more powerful they also become increasingly unpredictable and opaque. Yet, finding human-understandable explanations of how they work is essential for their safe deployment. This technical report…

AI agents, specifically powered by large language models, have demonstrated exceptional capabilities in various applications where precision and efficacy are necessary. However, these agents come with inherent risks, including the potential…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-03-04 Ishaan Domkundwar , Mukunda N S , Ishaan Bhola , Riddhik Kochhar

Effective human-AI collaboration for physical task completion has significant potential in both everyday activities and professional domains. AI agents equipped with informative guidance can enhance human performance, but evaluating such…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-25 Filippos Bellos , Yayuan Li , Cary Shu , Ruey Day , Jeffrey M. Siskind , Jason J. Corso

Artificial Intelligence brings innovations into the society. However, bias and unethical exist in many algorithms that make the applications less trustworthy. Threats hunting algorithms based on machine learning have shown great advantage…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-06-25 Shuangbao Paul Wang , Paul Mullin

We present the AI Cosmologist, an agentic system designed to automate cosmological/astronomical data analysis and machine learning research workflows. This implements a complete pipeline from idea generation to experimental evaluation and…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2025-04-07 Adam Moss