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It is reported that dynamical systems over digraphs have superior performance in terms of system damping and tolerance to time delays if the underlying graph Laplacian has a purely real spectrum. This paper investigates the topological…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-08-08 Tianhao Yu , Shenglu Wang , Mengqi Xue , Yue Song , David J. Hill

Recent advancements in Graph Neural Networks have led to state-of-the-art performance on graph representation learning. However, the majority of existing works process directed graphs by symmetrization, which causes loss of directional…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-02-04 Jie Zhang , Bo Hui , Po-Wei Harn , Min-Te Sun , Wei-Shinn Ku

Convolutional layers within graph neural networks operate by aggregating information about local neighbourhood structures; one common way to encode such substructures is through random walks. The distribution of these random walks evolves…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-05-30 Csaba Toth , Darrick Lee , Celia Hacker , Harald Oberhauser

This paper investigates the non-trivial consensus problem on directed signed matrix-weighted networks\textemdash a novel convergence state that has remained largely unexplored despite prior studies on bipartite consensus and trivial…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-02-13 Tianmu Niu , Bing Mao , Xiaoqun Wu , Tingwen Huang

Multilayer networks provide a more comprehensive framework for exploring real-world and engineering systems than traditional single-layer networks, consisting of multiple interacting networks. However, despite significant research in…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-11-12 C. D. Rodríguez-Camargo , A. F. Urquijo-Rodríguez , E. A. Mojica-Nava

Complex networks usually exhibit a rich architecture organized over multiple intertwined scales. Information pathways are expected to pervade these scales reflecting structural insights that are not manifest from analyses of the network…

Physics and Society · Physics 2022-09-16 Pablo Villegas , Andrea Gabrielli , Francesca Santucci , Guido Caldarelli , Tommaso Gili

Higher-order networks encode the many-body interactions existing in complex systems, such as the brain, protein complexes, and social interactions. Simplicial complexes are higher-order networks that allow a comprehensive investigation of…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2024-10-08 Xue Gong , Desmond J. Higham , Konstantinos Zygalakis , Ginestra Bianconi

There has been recent work [Louis STOC 2015] to analyze the spectral properties of hypergraphs with respect to edge expansion. In particular, a diffusion process is defined on a hypergraph such that within each hyperedge, measure flows from…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2015-10-07 T-H. Hubert Chan , Zhihao Gavin Tang , Chenzi Zhang

We study the properties and stability of networks with arbitrary Laplacian coupling. Classic approaches to studying networked systems require unrealistic assumptions, including homogeneous node dynamics, one-dimensional and undirected…

Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems · Physics 2026-04-21 Nina Kastendiek , Jakob Niehues , Frank Hellmann

This paper characterizes the graphical properties of an optimal topology with minimal Laplacian energy under the constraint of fixed numbers of vertices and edges, and devises an algorithm to construct such connected optimal graphs. These…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-03-26 Susie Lu , Ji Liu

We introduce Forman-Ricci curvature and its corresponding flow as characteristics for complex networks attempting to extend the common approach of node-based network analysis by edge-based characteristics. Following a theoretical…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2016-10-19 Melanie Weber , Emil Saucan , Jürgen Jost

Mathematical network models are extremely useful to capture complex propagation processes between different regions (nodes), for example the spread of an infectious agent between different countries, or the transport and replication of…

Biological Physics · Physics 2026-04-10 Hadrien Oliveri , Emilia Cozzolino , Alain Goriely

Extended connectivity in graphs can be analyzed through k-path Laplacian matrices, which permit the capture of long-range interactions in various real-world networked systems such as social, transportation, and multi-agent networks. In this…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2025-04-10 Yusef Ahsini , Belén Reverte , J. Alberto Conejero

Complex networks are characterized by latent geometries induced by their topology or by the dynamics on the top of them. In the latter case, different network-driven processes induce distinct geometric features that can be captured by…

Physics and Society · Physics 2021-04-07 Giulia Bertagnolli , Manlio De Domenico

A temporal complex network-based approach is proposed as a novel formulation to investigate turbulent mixing from a Lagrangian viewpoint. By exploiting a spatial proximity criterion, the dynamics of a set of fluid particles is geometrized…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2019-03-27 Giovanni Iacobello , Stefania Scarsoglio , J. G. M. Kuerten , Luca Ridolfi

Consensus of autonomous agents is a benchmark problem in cooperative control. In this paper, we consider standard continuous-time averaging consensus policies (or Laplacian flows) over time-varying graphs and focus on robustness of…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-09-08 Anton V. Proskurnikov , Guiseppe Calafiore

We study the time scales associated to diffusion processes that take place on multiplex networks, i.e. on a set of networks linked through interconnected layers. To this end, we propose the construction of a supra-Laplacian matrix, which…

The behavior of complex systems is determined not only by the topological organization of their interconnections but also by the dynamical processes taking place among their constituents. A faithful modeling of the dynamics is essential…

Physics and Society · Physics 2015-05-20 R. Lambiotte , R. Sinatra , J. -C. Delvenne , T. S. Evans , M. Barahona , V. Latora

Though commonly found in the real world, directed networks have received relatively less attention from the literature in which concerns their topological and dynamical characteristics. In this work, we develop a magnetic Laplacian-based…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2018-12-11 Bruno Messias , Luciano da F. Costa

We analyze the asymptotic behavior of general first order Laplacian processes on digraphs. The most important ones of these are diffusion and consensus with both continuous and discrete time. We treat diffusion and consensus as dual…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2020-02-10 J. J. P. Veerman , Robert Lyons