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We propose a generalization of the asymptotic equipartition property to discrete sources with an ambiguous alphabet, and prove that it holds for irreducible stationary Markov sources with an arbitrary distinguishability relation. Our…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2022-07-29 Tamás Tasnádi , Péter Vrana

This paper studies the distributional asymptotics of the slowly changing sequence of logarithms $(\log_bn)$ with $b\in\mathbb{N}\setminus\{1\}.$ It is known that $(\log_bn)$ is not uniformly distributed modulo one, and its omega limit set…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2019-03-06 Chuang Xu

The objective of this paper is to study the characteristics (geometric and otherwise) of very large attribute based undirected networks. Real-world networks are often very large and fast evolving. Their analysis and understanding present a…

Applications · Statistics 2015-10-06 Koushiki Sarkar , Diganta Mukherjee

Explaining the output of a complicated machine learning model like a deep neural network (DNN) is a central challenge in machine learning. Several proposed local explanation methods address this issue by identifying what dimensions of a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-10-09 Julius Adebayo , Justin Gilmer , Ian Goodfellow , Been Kim

Small-world networks, i.e. networks displaying both a high clustering coefficient and a small characteristic path length, are obliquitous in nature. Since their identification, the "small-worldness" metric, as proposed by Humphries and…

Physics and Society · Physics 2015-05-15 Massimiliano Zanin

We consider an existing conjecture addressing the asymptotic behavior of neural networks in the large width limit. The results that follow from this conjecture include tight bounds on the behavior of wide networks during stochastic gradient…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-06-15 Kyle Aitken , Guy Gur-Ari

Weight sharing, equivariance, and local filters, as in convolutional neural networks, are believed to contribute to the sample efficiency of neural networks. However, it is not clear how each one of these design choices contributes to the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-27 Arash Behboodi , Gabriele Cesa

The maximum likelihood threshold (MLT) of a graph $G$ is the minimum number of samples to almost surely guarantee existence of the maximum likelihood estimate in the corresponding Gaussian graphical model. We give a new characterization of…

The probabilistic graphs framework models the uncertainty inherent in real-world domains by means of probabilistic edges whose value quantifies the likelihood of the edge existence or the strength of the link it represents. The goal of this…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2012-05-25 Claudio Taranto , Nicola Di Mauro , Floriana Esposito

The paper presents a novel asymptotic distribution for a mle when the log--likelihood is strictly concave in the parameter for all data points; for example, the exponential family. The new asymptotic distribution can be seen as a refinement…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2021-06-15 Stephen G Walker

The asymptotic normality of the Maximum Likelihood Estimator (MLE) is a cornerstone of statistical theory. In the present paper, we provide sharp explicit upper bounds on Zolotarev-type distances between the exact, unknown distribution of…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2016-04-19 Andreas Anastasiou , Christophe Ley

The association between language and (non-linguistic) thinking ability in humans has long been debated, and recently, neuroscientific evidence of brain activity patterns has been considered. Such a scientific context naturally raises an…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-18 Riku Kisako , Tatsuki Kuribayashi , Ryohei Sasano

We investigate the weight distribution of random binary linear codes. For $0<\lambda<1$ and $n\to\infty$ pick uniformly at random $\lambda n$ vectors in $\mathbb{F}_2^n$ and let $C \le \mathbb{F}_2^n$ be the orthogonal complement of their…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2024-07-11 Nati Linial , Jonathan Mosheiff

The limiting probability distribution is one of the key characteristics of a Markov chain since it shows its long-term behavior. In this paper, for a higher order Markov chain, we establish some properties related to its exact limiting…

Probability · Mathematics 2026-03-20 Lixing Han , Jianhong Xu

Can multilayer neural networks -- typically constructed as highly complex structures with many nonlinearly activated neurons across layers -- behave in a non-trivial way that yet simplifies away a major part of their complexities? In this…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-02-11 Phan-Minh Nguyen

The probabilistic Waring problem for finite simple groups asks whether every word of the form $w_1w_2$, where $w_1$ and $w_2$ are non-trivial words in disjoint sets of variables, induces almost uniform distribution on finite simple groups…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2019-09-11 Michael Larsen , Aner Shalev , Pham Huu Tiep

We examine the complexity of inference in Bayesian networks specified by logical languages. We consider representations that range from fragments of propositional logic to function-free first-order logic with equality; in doing so we cover…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2017-01-09 Fabio Gagliardi Cozman , Denis Deratani Mauá

In this paper we present an empirical study of the worldwide maritime transportation network (WMN) in which the nodes are ports and links are container liners connecting the ports. Using the different representation of network topology…

Physics and Society · Physics 2009-11-13 Yihong Hu , Daoli Zhu

Quantitative descriptions of network structure in big data can provide fundamental insights into the function of interconnected complex systems. Small-world structure, commonly diagnosed by high local clustering yet short average path…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2015-05-12 Sarah Feldt Muldoon , Eric W. Bridgeford , Danielle S. Bassett

Large Language Models (LLMs), such as GPT, are considered to learn the latent distributions within large-scale web-crawl datasets and accomplish natural language processing (NLP) tasks by predicting the next token. However, this mechanism…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-04 Kun-Peng Ning , Jia-Yu Yao , Yu-Yang Liu , Mu-Nan Ning , Li Yuan