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We consider the problem of computing bounds for causal queries on causal graphs with unobserved confounders and discrete valued observed variables, where identifiability does not hold. Existing non-parametric approaches for computing such…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-08-08 Madhumitha Shridharan , Garud Iyengar

Many statistical methods have been proposed to estimate causal models in classical situations with fewer variables than observations (p<n, p: the number of variables and n: the number of observations). However, modern datasets including…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2011-04-08 Shohei Shimizu , Takashi Washio , Aapo Hyvarinen , Seiya Imoto

Large contingency tables summarizing categorical variables arise in many areas. For example in biology when a large number of biomarkers are cross-tabulated according to their discrete expression level. Interactions of the variables are…

Methodology · Statistics 2009-11-17 Corinne Dahinden , Markus Kalisch , Peter Bühlmann

Multivariate Poisson random variables subject to linear integer constraints arise in several application areas, such as queuing and biomolecular networks. This note shows how to compute conditional statistics in this context, by employing…

Probability · Mathematics 2009-06-08 Eduardo Sontag , Doron Zeilberger

We consider linear structural equation models with explicitly modelled latent variables. In such models, observed and latent variables solve linear equations including stochastic noise terms. The goal of our work is to identify the direct…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-05-28 Tom Hochsprung , Nils Sturma , Jakob Runge , Mathias Drton , Andreas Gerhardus

Causal relationships among variables are commonly represented via directed acyclic graphs. There are many methods in the literature to quantify the strength of arrows in a causal acyclic graph. These methods, however, have undesirable…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2020-10-08 Yue Wang , Linbo Wang

I describe a planning methodology for domains with uncertainty in the form of external events that are not completely predictable. The events are represented by enabling conditions and probabilities of occurrence. The planner is…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2013-02-28 Jim S. Blythe

We consider deep multivariate models for heterogeneous collections of random variables. In the context of computer vision, such collections may e.g. consist of images, segmentations, image attributes, and latent variables. When developing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Dmitrij Schlesinger , Boris Flach , Alexander Shekhovtsov

Learning the unknown causal parameters of a linear structural causal model is a fundamental task in causal analysis. The task, known as the problem of identification, asks to estimate the parameters of the model from a combination of…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-07-18 Julian Dörfler , Benito van der Zander , Markus Bläser , Maciej Liskiewicz

Due to unmeasured confounding, it is often not possible to identify causal effects from a postulated model. Nevertheless, we can ask for partial identification, which usually boils down to finding upper and lower bounds of a causal quantity…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2022-03-01 Jakob Zeitler , Ricardo Silva

An important task in data analysis is the discovery of causal relationships between observed variables. For continuous-valued data, linear acyclic causal models are commonly used to model the data-generating process, and the inference of…

The stochastic dynamics of biochemical networks are usually modelled with the chemical master equation (CME). The stationary distributions of CMEs are seldom solvable analytically, and numerical methods typically produce estimates with…

Probability · Mathematics 2019-10-30 Juan Kuntz , Philipp Thomas , Guy-Bart Stan , Mauricio Barahona

Mathematical programming formulations of influence diagrams can bridge the gap between representing and solving decision problems. However, they suffer from both modeling and computational limitations. Aiming to address modeling…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-06-19 Olli Herrala , Tommi Ekholm , Fabricio Oliveira

While existing mathematical descriptions can accurately account for phenomena at microscopic scales (e.g. molecular dynamics), these are often high-dimensional, stochastic and their applicability over macroscopic time scales of physical…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2016-09-08 P. S. Koutsourelakis , Elias Bilionis

Many important quantities of interest are only partially identified from observable data: the data can limit them to a set of plausible values, but not uniquely determine them. This paper develops a unified framework for covariate-assisted…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-08-15 Eli Ben-Michael

Probabilistic inference in graphical models is the task of computing marginal and conditional densities of interest from a factorized representation of a joint probability distribution. Inference algorithms such as variable elimination and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2012-02-20 Ilya Shpitser , Thomas S. Richardson , James M. Robins

In this study, we address causal inference when only observational data and a valid causal ordering from the causal graph are available. We introduce a set of flow models that can recover component-wise, invertible transformation of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-16 Minh Khoa Le , Kien Do , Truyen Tran

Network data often exhibit block structures characterized by clusters of nodes with similar patterns of edge formation. When such relational data are complemented by additional information on exogenous node partitions, these sources of…

Methodology · Statistics 2020-09-28 Sirio Legramanti , Tommaso Rigon , Daniele Durante

Directed and undirected graphical models, also called Bayesian networks and Markov random fields, respectively, are important statistical tools in a wide variety of fields, ranging from computational biology to probabilistic artificial…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2007-06-13 Sergi Elizalde , Kevin Woods

Much of the causal discovery literature prioritises guaranteeing the identifiability of causal direction in statistical models. For structures within a Markov equivalence class, this requires strong assumptions which may not hold in…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-05-29 Anish Dhir , Samuel Power , Mark van der Wilk