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Speech codecs are traditionally optimized for waveform fidelity, allocating bits to preserve acoustic detail even when much of it can be inferred from linguistic structure. This leads to inefficient compression and suboptimal performance on…

Sound · Computer Science 2025-12-29 Liuyang Bai , Weiyi Lu , Li Guo

We propose TQCodec, a neural audio codec designed for high-bitrate, high-fidelity music streaming. Unlike existing neural codecs that primarily target ultra-low bitrates (<= 16kbps), TQCodec operates at 44.1 kHz and supports bitrates from…

The quality of speech coded by transform coding is affected by various artefacts especially when bitrates to quantize the frequency components become too low. In order to mitigate these coding artefacts and enhance the quality of coded…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-02-01 Srikanth Korse , Nicola Pia , Kishan Gupta , Guillaume Fuchs

In this paper we introduce learnable lattice vector quantization and demonstrate its effectiveness for learning discrete representations. Our method, termed LL-VQ-VAE, replaces the vector quantization layer in VQ-VAE with lattice-based…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-17 Ahmed Khalil , Robert Piechocki , Raul Santos-Rodriguez

Speech Language Models (SpeechLMs) model tokenized speech to capture both semantic and acoustic information. When neural audio codecs based on Residual Vector Quantization (RVQ) are used as audio tokenizers, they produce multiple discrete…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-06 Issa Sugiura , Shuhei Kurita , Yusuke Oda , Ryuichiro Higashinaka

Vector quantization (VQ) is a technique to deterministically learn features with discrete codebook representations. It is commonly performed with a variational autoencoding model, VQ-VAE, which can be further extended to hierarchical…

Recently, BigVGAN has emerged as high-performance speech vocoder. Its sequence-to-sequence-based synthesis, however, prohibits usage in low-latency conversational applications. Our work addresses this shortcoming in three steps. First, we…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-08-27 Renzheng Shi , Andreas Bär , Marvin Sach , Wouter Tirry , Tim Fingscheidt

Vector quantization (VQ) is a key technique in high-resolution and high-fidelity image synthesis, which aims to learn a codebook to encode an image with a sequence of discrete codes and then generate an image in an auto-regression manner.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-10 Guotao Liang , Baoquan Zhang , Yaowei Wang , Xutao Li , Yunming Ye , Huaibin Wang , Chuyao Luo , Kola Ye , linfeng Luo

In our previous work, we proposed a neural vocoder called APNet, which directly predicts speech amplitude and phase spectra with a 5 ms frame shift in parallel from the input acoustic features, and then reconstructs the 16 kHz speech…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-11-21 Hui-Peng Du , Ye-Xin Lu , Yang Ai , Zhen-Hua Ling

Large Language Models (LLMs) have advanced audio generation through discrete representation learning. However, most existing neural codecs focus on speech and emphasize reconstruction fidelity, overlooking unified low frame rate modeling…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-03-24 Jingbin Hu , Haoyu Zhang , Dake Guo , Qirui Zhan , Wenhao Li , Huakang Chen , Guobin Ma , Hanke Xie , Chengyou Wang , Pengyuan Xie , Chuan Xie , Qiang Zhang , Lei Xie

Spectral band replication (SBR) enables bit-efficient coding by generating high-frequency bands from the low-frequency ones. However, it only utilizes coarse spectral features upon a subband-wise signal replication, limiting adaptability to…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-07-29 Woongjib Choi , Byeong Hyeon Kim , Hyungseob Lim , Inseon Jang , Hong-Goo Kang

Recent advancements in speech synthesis have leveraged GAN-based networks like HiFi-GAN and BigVGAN to produce high-fidelity waveforms from mel-spectrograms. However, these networks are computationally expensive and parameter-heavy.…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-09-19 Yinghao Aaron Li , Cong Han , Xilin Jiang , Nima Mesgarani

Generative adversarial network (GAN) based vocoders have achieved significant attention in speech synthesis with high quality and fast inference speed. However, there still exist many noticeable spectral artifacts, resulting in the quality…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-07-08 Rubing Shen , Yanzhen Ren , Zongkun Sun

We introduce a state-of-the-art real-time, high-fidelity, audio codec leveraging neural networks. It consists in a streaming encoder-decoder architecture with quantized latent space trained in an end-to-end fashion. We simplify and speed-up…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-10-25 Alexandre Défossez , Jade Copet , Gabriel Synnaeve , Yossi Adi

Vector Quantized Variational AutoEncoders (VQ-VAEs) are designed to compress a continuous input to a discrete latent space and reconstruct it with minimal distortion. They operate by maintaining a set of vectors -- often referred to as the…

This paper introduces VALL-E 2, the latest advancement in neural codec language models that marks a milestone in zero-shot text-to-speech synthesis (TTS), achieving human parity for the first time. Based on its predecessor, VALL-E, the new…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-18 Sanyuan Chen , Shujie Liu , Long Zhou , Yanqing Liu , Xu Tan , Jinyu Li , Sheng Zhao , Yao Qian , Furu Wei

While recent neural audio codecs deliver superior speech quality at ultralow bitrates over traditional methods, their practical adoption is hindered by obstacles related to low-resource operation and robustness to acoustic distortions. Edge…

In this paper, we propose a parallel WaveGAN (PWG)-like neural vocoder with a quasi-periodic (QP) architecture to improve the pitch controllability of PWG. PWG is a compact non-autoregressive (non-AR) speech generation model, whose…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-08-10 Yi-Chiao Wu , Tomoki Hayashi , Takuma Okamoto , Hisashi Kawai , Tomoki Toda

Decoding spoken speech from neural activity in the brain is a fast-emerging research topic, as it could enable communication for people who have difficulties with producing audible speech. For this task, electrocorticography (ECoG) is a…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-12-22 Miseul Kim , Zhenyu Piao , Jihyun Lee , Hong-Goo Kang

This paper presents FastFit, a novel neural vocoder architecture that replaces the U-Net encoder with multiple short-time Fourier transforms (STFTs) to achieve faster generation rates without sacrificing sample quality. We replaced each…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-05-19 Won Jang , Dan Lim , Heayoung Park