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The vast majority of cybersecurity information is unstructured text, including critical data within databases such as CVE, NVD, CWE, CAPEC, and the MITRE ATT&CK Framework. These databases are invaluable for analyzing attack patterns and…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-12-24 Tanjim Bin Faruk

Deep learning (DL) models have become increasingly popular in identifying software vulnerabilities. Prior studies found that vulnerabilities across different vulnerable programs may exhibit similar vulnerable scopes, implicitly forming…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-06-13 Michael Fu , Trung Le , Van Nguyen , Chakkrit Tantithamthavorn , Dinh Phung

Vulnerability Detection (VD) using machine learning faces a significant challenge: the vast diversity of vulnerability types. Each Common Weakness Enumeration (CWE) represents a unique category of vulnerabilities with distinct…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-08-06 Syafiq Al Atiiq , Christian Gehrmann , Kevin Dahlén , Karim Khalil

As the number of Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures (CVE) continues to grow exponentially, security teams face increasingly difficult decisions about prioritization. Current approaches using Common Vulnerability Scoring System (CVSS)…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-03-05 Naoyuki Shimizu , Masaki Hashimoto

The lack of reliable sources of detailed information on the vulnerabilities of open-source software (OSS) components is a major obstacle to maintaining a secure software supply chain and an effective vulnerability management process.…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-03-18 Antonino Sabetta , Michele Bezzi

When a new computer security vulnerability is publicly disclosed, only a textual description of it is available. Cybersecurity experts later provide an analysis of the severity of the vulnerability using the Common Vulnerability Scoring…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-11-17 Mustafizur Shahid , Hervé Debar

The growing misuse of Vision-Language Models (VLMs) has led providers to deploy multiple safeguards, including alignment tuning, system prompts, and content moderation. However, the real-world robustness of these defenses against…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-11-21 Yijun Yang , Lichao Wang , Jianping Zhang , Chi Harold Liu , Lanqing Hong , Qiang Xu

Large Language Models are a promising tool for automated vulnerability detection, thanks to their success in code generation and repair. However, despite widespread adoption, a critical question remains: Are LLMs truly effective at…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-04-21 Yue Li , Xiao Li , Hao Wu , Minghui Xu , Yue Zhang , Xiuzhen Cheng , Fengyuan Xu , Sheng Zhong

The National Vulnerability Database (NVD) publishes over a thousand new vulnerabilities monthly, with a projected 25 percent increase in 2024, highlighting the crucial need for rapid vulnerability identification to mitigate cybersecurity…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-25 Rikhiya Ghosh , Hans-Martin von Stockhausen , Martin Schmitt , George Marica Vasile , Sanjeev Kumar Karn , Oladimeji Farri

Detecting vulnerabilities within compiled binaries is challenging due to lost high-level code structures and other factors such as architectural dependencies, compilers, and optimization options. To address these obstacles, this research…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-12-17 Gary A. McCully , John D. Hastings , Shengjie Xu , Adam Fortier

Static benchmarks fail to capture LLM vulnerabilities emerging through community experimentation in online forums. We present PrompTrend, a system that collects vulnerability data across platforms and evaluates them using multidimensional…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-07-28 Tarek Gasmi , Ramzi Guesmi , Mootez Aloui , Jihene Bennaceur

The software build process transforms source code into deployable artifacts, representing a critical yet vulnerable stage in software development. Build infrastructure security poses unique challenges: the complexity of multi-component…

Recently, deep learning techniques have garnered substantial attention for their ability to identify vulnerable code patterns accurately. However, current state-of-the-art deep learning models, such as Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN),…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-02-24 Marwan Omar

Open-source software (OSS) vulnerabilities are increasingly prevalent, emphasizing the importance of security patches. However, in widely used security platforms like NVD, a substantial number of CVE records still lack trace links to…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-07-25 Kaixuan Li , Jian Zhang , Sen Chen , Han Liu , Yang Liu , Yixiang Chen

The integration of open-source third-party library dependencies in Java development introduces significant security risks when these libraries contain known vulnerabilities. Existing Software Composition Analysis (SCA) tools struggle to…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-07-25 Wang Lingxiang , Quanzhi Fu , Wenjia Song , Gelei Deng , Yi Liu , Dan Williams , Ying Zhang

We present a fine-tuned RoBERTa-base classifier (125M parameters) for mapping Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures (CVE) descriptions to Common Weakness Enumeration (CWE) categories. We construct a large-scale training dataset of 234,770…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Nikita Mosievskiy

With the growing threat of software vulnerabilities, deep learning (DL)-based detectors have gained popularity for vulnerability detection. However, doubts remain regarding their consistency within declared CWE ranges, real-world…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-07-15 Yunqian Wang , Xiaohong Li , Yao Zhang , Yuekang Li , Zhiping Zhou , Ruitao Feng

Threat analysis is continuously growing in importance due to the always-increasing complexity and frequency of cyber attacks. Analyzing threats demands significant effort from security experts: different cybersecurity knowledge bases…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-01-13 Andrea Ciavotta , Alessandro Palma , Simone Lenti , Silvia Bonomi

Software vulnerabilities (SVs) have emerged as a prevalent and critical concern for safety-critical security systems. This has spurred significant advancements in utilizing AI-based methods, including machine learning and deep learning, for…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-10-07 Van Nguyen , Surya Nepal , Tingmin Wu , Xingliang Yuan , Carsten Rudolph

The identification of vulnerabilities is an important element in the software development life cycle to ensure the security of software. While vulnerability identification based on the source code is a well studied field, the identification…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-12-05 Andreas Schaad , Dominik Binder