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Wireless positioning in Non-Line-of-Sight (NLoS) scenarios presents significant challenges due to multipath effects that lead to biased measurements and reduced positioning accuracy. This paper revisits electromagnetic field theory related…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-04-04 Gaurav Duggal , R. Michael Buehrer , Harpreet S. Dhillon , Jeffrey H. Reed

Accurate outdoor localization in Non-Line-of-Sight (NLoS) environments remains a critical challenge for wireless communication and sensing systems. Existing methods, including positioning based on the Global Navigation Satellite System…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-02-11 Jiajie Xu , Yifan Guo , Xiucheng Wang , Nan Cheng , Tingting Yang

This paper introduces a novel framework for high-accuracy outdoor user equipment (UE) positioning that applies a conditional generative diffusion model directly to high-dimensional massive MIMO channel state information (CSI). Traditional…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2025-10-17 Taekyun Lee , Tommaso Balercia , Heasung Kim , Hyeji Kim , Jeffrey G. Andrews

Fingerprinting-based localization often suffers from poor cross-environment generalization, especially when only a few labeled samples are available in the target environment. Existing methods mitigate distribution shifts through domain…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-05-20 Jun Gao , Zheng Xing , Wenliang Lin , Weibing Zhao , Xuhui Zhang , Junting Chen , Zhongliang Deng , Shuguang Cui

We present a novel sound localization algorithm for a non-line-of-sight (NLOS) sound source in indoor environments. Our approach exploits the diffraction properties of sound waves as they bend around a barrier or an obstacle in the scene.…

Robotics · Computer Science 2018-09-21 Inkyu An , Doheon Lee , Jung-woo Choi , Dinesh Manocha , Sung-eui Yoon

This paper tackles the challenge of accurate positioning in Non-Line-of-Sight (NLoS) environments, with a focus on indoor public safety scenarios where NLoS bias severely impacts localization performance. We explore Diffraction MultiPath…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-09-05 Gaurav Duggal , Anand M. Kumar , R. Michael Buehrer , Harpreet S. Dhillon , Nishith Tripathi , Jeffrey H. Reed

Diffusion models have gained attention for their ability to represent complex distributions and incorporate uncertainty, making them ideal for robust predictions in the presence of noisy or incomplete data. In this study, we develop and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-05 Yilin Zhuang , Sibo Cheng , Karthik Duraisamy

Radio maps (RMs) are essential for environment-aware communication and sensing, providing location-specific wireless channel information. Existing RM construction methods often rely on precise environmental data and base station (BS)…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-05-22 Xiucheng Wang , Zhongsheng Fang , Nan Cheng , Ruijin Sun , Zan Li , Xuemin , Shen

The accuracy of traditional localization methods significantly degrades when the direct path between the wireless transmitter and the target is blocked or non-penetrable. This paper proposes N2LoS, a novel approach for precise…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-05-14 Zhenguo Shi , Yihe Yan , Yanxiang Wang , Wen Hu , Chun Tung Chou

Radio map (RM) is a promising technology that can obtain pathloss based on only location, which is significant for 6G network applications to reduce the communication costs for pathloss estimation. However, the construction of RM in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-12 Xiucheng Wang , Keda Tao , Nan Cheng , Zhisheng Yin , Zan Li , Yuan Zhang , Xuemin Shen

Chip placement, a critical step in the VLSI physical design flow, directly impacts performance, power, and routability. Traditional chip placement methods, relying on analytical optimization or sequential reinforcement learning (RL), face…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2026-04-08 Kien Le Trung , Truong-Son Hy

Accurate radio map (RM) construction is essential to enabling environment-aware and adaptive wireless communication. However, in future 6G scenarios characterized by high-speed network entities and fast-changing environments, it is very…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-07 Xiucheng Wang , Peilin Zheng , Honggang Jia , Nan Cheng , Ruijin Sun , Conghao Zhou , Xuemin Shen

The accurate and low-cost localization of sensors using a wireless sensor network is critically required in a wide range of today's applications. We propose a novel, robust maximum likelihood-type method for distributed cooperative received…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2018-12-12 Luca Carlino , Di Jin , Michael Muma , Abdelhak M. Zoubir

Locating a target is key in many applications, namely in high-stakes real-world scenarios, like detecting humans or obstacles in vehicular networks. In scenarios where precise statistics of the measurement noise are unavailable,…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2022-08-17 João Domingos , Cláudia Soares , João Xavier

We propose a novel distributed expectation maximization (EM) method for non-cooperative RF device localization using a wireless sensor network. We consider the scenario where few or no sensors receive line-of-sight signals from the target.…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2014-08-15 Wenjie Xu , Francois Quitin , Mei Leng , Wee Peng Tay , Sirajudeen G. Razul

Radio maps (RMs) provide spatially continuous propagation characterizations essential for 6G network planning, but high-fidelity RM construction remains challenging. Rigorous electromagnetic solvers incur prohibitive computational latency,…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-03-27 Xiucheng Wang , Zixuan Guo , Nan Cheng

This study explores the use of non-line-of-sight (NLOS) components in millimeter-wave (mmWave) communication systems for joint localization and environment sensing. The radar cross section (RCS) of a reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS)…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2023-05-23 Yixuan Huang , Jie Yang , Wankai Tang , Chao-Kai Wen , Shuqiang Xia , Shi Jin

This paper presents a non-cooperative source localization approach based on received signal strength (RSS) and 2D environment map, considering both line-of-sight (LOS) and non-line-of-sight (NLOS) conditions. Conventional localization…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-06-11 Hao Sun , Weiming Huang , Xianghao Yu , Junting Chen

The intrinsic geometric connections between millimeter-wave (mmWave) signals and the propagation environment can be leveraged for simultaneous localization and mapping (SLAM) in 5G and beyond networks. However, estimated channel parameters…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-04-17 Ossi Kaltiokallio , Elizaveta Rastorgueva-Foi , Jukka Talvitie , Yu Ge , Henk Wymeersch , Mikko Valkama

Radio maps (RMs) serve as environment-aware electromagnetic (EM) representations that connect scenario geometry and material properties to the spatial distribution of signal strength, enabling localization without costly in-situ…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-26 Xiucheng Wang , Tingwei Yuan , Yang Cao , Nan Cheng , Ruijin Sun , Weihua Zhuang
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