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Probabilistic program analysis aims to quantify the probability that a given program satisfies a required property. It has many potential applications, from program understanding and debugging to computing program reliability, compiler…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2017-09-08 Aleksandar S. Dimovski

Probabilistic programming methods have revolutionised Bayesian inference, making it easier than ever for practitioners to perform Markov-chain-Monte-Carlo sampling from non-conjugate posterior distributions. Here we focus on Stan, arguably…

Computation · Statistics 2025-02-10 Clemens Pichler , Jack Jewson , Alejandra Avalos-Pacheco

Probabilistic models are a critical part of the modern deep learning toolbox - ranging from generative models (VAEs, GANs), sequence to sequence models used in machine translation and speech processing to models over functional spaces…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-12-10 Krishnamurthy Dvijotham , Marta Garnelo , Alhussein Fawzi , Pushmeet Kohli

Software Engineering and the implementation of software has become a challenging task as many tools, frameworks and languages must be orchestrated into one functioning piece. This complexity increases the need for testing and analysis…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2018-06-27 Hannes Thaller

There are many different probabilistic programming languages that are specialized to specific kinds of probabilistic programs. From a usability and scalability perspective, this is undesirable: today, probabilistic programmers are forced…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2025-02-28 Sam Stites , John M. Li , Steven Holtzen

Probabilistic programming makes it easy to represent a probabilistic model as a program. Building an individual model, however, is only one step of probabilistic modeling. The broader challenge of probabilistic modeling is in understanding…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2022-08-15 Ryan Bernstein

Harnessing the statistical power of neural networks to perform language understanding and symbolic reasoning is difficult, when it requires executing efficient discrete operations against a large knowledge-base. In this work, we introduce a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2017-04-25 Chen Liang , Jonathan Berant , Quoc Le , Kenneth D. Forbus , Ni Lao

Large Language models (LLMs) have shown promise as generators of symbolic control policies, producing interpretable program-like representations through iterative search. However, these models are not capable of separating the functional…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-02 Carlo Bosio , Matteo Guarrera , Alberto Sangiovanni-Vincentelli , Mark W. Mueller

We study the semantic foundation of expressive probabilistic programming languages, that support higher-order functions, continuous distributions, and soft constraints (such as Anglican, Church, and Venture). We define a metalanguage (an…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2017-03-31 Sam Staton , Hongseok Yang , Chris Heunen , Ohad Kammar , Frank Wood

This paper addresses two central problems for probabilistic processing models: parameter estimation from incomplete data and efficient retrieval of most probable analyses. These questions have been answered satisfactorily only for…

cmp-lg · Computer Science 2007-05-23 Stefan Riezler

Language models are increasingly used in settings where outputs must satisfy user-specified randomness constraints, yet their generation probabilities are often poorly calibrated to those targets. We study whether this capability can be…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-13 Davide Baldelli , Sruthi Kuriakose , Maryam Hashemzadeh , Amal Zouaq , Sarath Chandar

This work introduces (1) a technique that allows large language models (LLMs) to leverage user-provided code when solving programming tasks and (2) a method to iteratively generate modular sub-functions that can aid future code generation…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-12-05 Patrick Hajali , Ignas Budvytis

Large language models (LLMs) are a promising venue for natural language understanding and generation tasks. However, current LLMs are far from reliable: they are prone to generate non-factual information and, more crucially, to contradict…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-04-22 Diego Calanzone , Stefano Teso , Antonio Vergari

Probabilistic programs provide an expressive representation language for generative models. Given a probabilistic program, we are interested in the task of posterior inference: estimating a latent variable given a set of observed variables.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-09-01 Mike Wu , Noah Goodman

Training and fine-tuning deep learning models, especially large language models (LLMs), on limited and imbalanced datasets poses substantial challenges. These issues often result in poor generalization, where models overfit to dominant…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-01-14 Ashok Choudhary , Cornelius Thiels , Hojjat Salehinejad

The Apache Spark stack has enabled fast large-scale data processing. Despite a rich library of statistical models and inference algorithms, it does not give domain users the ability to develop their own models. The emergence of…

Databases · Computer Science 2017-10-10 Zhuoyue Zhao , Jialing Pei , Eric Lo , Kenny Q. Zhu , Chris Liu

Mathematical programming is widely employed across various sectors - such as logistics, energy, and workforce planning - to model and solve industrial optimisation problems, but its use requires substantial domain expertise. Large language…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2026-05-29 Roberto Rossi , Steven D. Prestwich

Existing decision-theoretic reasoning frameworks such as decision networks use simple data structures and processes. However, decisions are often made based on complex data structures, such as social networks and protein sequences, and rich…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2014-07-14 Brian E. Ruttenberg , Avi Pfeffer

Symbolic regression is a powerful system identification technique in industrial scenarios where no prior knowledge on model structure is available. Such scenarios often require specific model properties such as interpretability, robustness,…

Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly applied to automate software engineering tasks, including the generation of UML class diagrams from natural language descriptions. While prior work demonstrates that LLMs can produce…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-04-07 Rabia Iftikhar , Andreas Rausch