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Artificial Intelligence (AI) workloads drive a rapid expansion of high-performance computing (HPC) infrastructures and increase their power and energy demands towards a critical level. AI benchmarks representing state-of-the art workloads…

Performance · Computer Science 2026-03-18 Martin Mayr , Sebastian Wind , Lukas Schröder , Georg Hager , Harald Köstler , Gerhard Wellein

The rapid advancement of AI, particularly large language models (LLMs), has raised significant concerns about the energy use and carbon emissions associated with model training and inference. However, existing tools for measuring and…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-10-31 Hongzhen Huang , Kunming Zhang , Hanlong Liao , Kui Wu , Guoming Tang

Cloud computing enables remote execution of users tasks. The pervasive adoption of cloud computing in smart cities services and applications requires timely execution of tasks adhering to Quality of Services (QoS). However, the increasing…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2022-11-15 Huned Materwala , Leila Ismail

Artificial Intelligence (AI) is a fast-growing research and development (R&D) discipline which is attracting increasing attention because of its promises to bring vast benefits for consumers and businesses, with considerable benefits…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-05-10 Zhenghua Chen , Min Wu , Alvin Chan , Xiaoli Li , Yew-Soon Ong

Robustly estimating energy consumption in High-Performance Computing (HPC) is essential for assessing the energy footprint of modern workloads, particularly in fields such as Artificial Intelligence (AI) research, development, and…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2024-09-10 Luis G. León-Vega , Niccolò Tosato , Stefano Cozzini

Classical and centralized Artificial Intelligence (AI) methods require moving data from producers (sensors, machines) to energy hungry data centers, raising environmental concerns due to computational and communication resource demands,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-06-30 Stefano Savazzi , Vittorio Rampa , Sanaz Kianoush , Mehdi Bennis

While Generative AI stands to be one of the fastest adopted technologies ever, studies have made evident that the usage of Large Language Models (LLMs) puts significant burden on energy grids and our environment. It may prove a hindrance to…

AI research is increasingly moving toward complex problem solving, where models are optimized not only for pattern recognition but for multi-step reasoning. Historically, computing's global energy footprint has been stabilized by sustained…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-11-20 Philipp Wiesner , Daniel W. O'Neill , Francesca Larosa , Odej Kao

The development of AI applications, especially in large-scale wireless networks, is growing exponentially, alongside the size and complexity of the architectures used. Particularly, machine learning is acknowledged as one of today's most…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-09-24 Dipanwita Thakur , Antonella Guzzo , Giancarlo Fortino , Francesco Piccialli

Much work has been dedicated to estimating and optimizing workloads in high-performance computing (HPC) and deep learning. However, researchers have typically relied on few metrics to assess the efficiency of those techniques. Most notably,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-17 Hugo Waltsburger , Erwan Libessart , Chengfang Ren , Anthony Kolar , Regis Guinvarc'h

Advances in artificial intelligence need to become more resource-aware and sustainable. This requires clear assessment and reporting of energy efficiency trade-offs, like sacrificing fast running time for higher predictive performance.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-04-18 Raphael Fischer , Matthias Jakobs , Katharina Morik

Recent Machine Learning (ML) approaches have shown increased performance on benchmarks but at the cost of escalating computational demands. Hardware, algorithmic and carbon optimizations have been proposed to curb energy consumption and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-13 Clément Morand , Anne-Laure Ligozat , Aurélie Névéol

Modern machine learning models have started to consume incredible amounts of energy, thus incurring large carbon footprints (Strubell et al., 2019). To address this issue, we have created an energy estimation pipeline1, which allows…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-04-04 Johannes Getzner , Bertrand Charpentier , Stephan Günnemann

We examine the computational energy requirements of different systems driven by the geometrical scaling law, and increasing use of Artificial Intelligence or Machine Learning (AI-ML) over the last decade. With more scientific and technology…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2022-11-30 Sadasivan Shankar , Albert Reuther

Advances in IoT technologies combined with new algorithms have enabled the collection and processing of high-rate multi-source data streams that quantify human behavior in a fine-grained level and can lead to deeper insights on individual…

This paper presents a comprehensive sustainability assessment framework for document intelligence within supply chain operations, centered on agentic artificial intelligence (AI). We address the dual objective of improving automation…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-11-11 Diego Gosmar , Anna Chiara Pallotta , Giovanni Zenezini

Artificial Intelligence (AI) is used to create more sustainable production methods and model climate change, making it a valuable tool in the fight against environmental degradation. This paper describes the paradox of an energy-consuming…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Arnault Pachot , Céline Patissier

Sustainable AI is a subfield of AI for concerning developing and using AI systems in ways of aiming to reduce environmental impact and achieve sustainability. Sustainable AI is increasingly important given that training of and inference…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-01-14 Tao Xie , David Harel , Dezhi Ran , Zhenwen Li , Maoliang Li , Zhi Yang , Leye Wang , Xiang Chen , Ying Zhang , Wentao Zhang , Meng Li , Chen Zhang , Linyi Li , Assaf Marron

Rapid adoption of machine learning (ML) technologies has led to a surge in power consumption across diverse systems, from tiny IoT devices to massive datacenter clusters. Benchmarking the energy efficiency of these systems is crucial for…

In a world increasingly dominated by AI applications, an understudied aspect is the carbon and social footprint of these power-hungry algorithms that require copious computation and a trove of data for training and prediction. While…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2020-07-21 Abhishek Gupta , Camylle Lanteigne , Sara Kingsley