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Photonic neural networks have demonstrated their potential over the past decades, but have not yet reached the full extent of their capabilities. One reason for this lies in an essential component - the nonlinear activation function, which…
The rapid growth of artificial intelligence, coupled with the slowing of Moore's law, is straining computing infrastructure, as CMOS electronics face inherent limits in bandwidth, energy efficiency, and parallelism. Integrated photonic…
The marriage of two vibrant fields---photonics and neuromorphic processing---is fundamentally enabled by the strong analogies within the underlying physics between the dynamics of biological neurons and lasers, both of which can be…
Two recent developments have accelerated progress in image reconstruction from human brain activity: large datasets that offer samples of brain activity in response to many thousands of natural scenes, and the open-sourcing of powerful…
Recent research efforts in optical computing have gravitated towards developing optical neural networks that aim to benefit from the processing speed and parallelism of optics/photonics in machine learning applications. Among these…
Topological insulators have surface states with a remarkable helical spin structure, with promising prospects for applications in spintronics. Strategies for generating spin polarized currents, such as the use of magnetic contacts and…
The rapid growth of machine learning is increasingly constrained by the energy and bandwidth limits of classical hardware. Optical and quantum technologies offer an alternative route, enabling high-dimensional, parallel information…
This tutorial covers biomedical image reconstruction, from the foundational concepts of system modeling and direct reconstruction to modern sparsity and learning-based approaches. Imaging is a critical tool in biological research and…
Modern deep learning relies nearly exclusively on dedicated electronic hardware accelerators. Photonic approaches, with low consumption and high operation speed, are increasingly considered for inference but, to date, remain mostly limited…
Targeted light delivery into biological tissue is needed in applications such as optogenetic stimulation of the brain and in vivo functional or structural imaging of tissue. These applications require very compact, soft, and flexible…
Two-dimensional photonic crystal membranes provide a versatile planar architecture for integrated photonics to control the propagation of light on a chip employing high quality optical cavities, waveguides, beamsplitters or dispersive…
Deep, high-resolution imaging is essential for unraveling biological complexity and advancing medical diagnostics, yet scattering fundamentally limits optical methods. Among the most promising approaches, photoacoustic imaging achieves…
Multi-Focus Image Fusion seeks to improve the quality of an acquired burst of images with different focus planes. For solving the task, an activity level measurement and a fusion rule are typically established to select and fuse the most…
Optical microscopy is an indispensable tool in life sciences research, but conventional techniques require compromises between imaging parameters like speed, resolution, field-of-view, and phototoxicity. To overcome these limitations,…
Mitochondrial research is important to ageing, apoptosis, and mitochondrial diseases. In previous works, mitochondria are usually stimulated indirectly by proapoptotic drugs to study mitochondrial development, which is in lack of…
The primary goal of any company is to increase its profits by improving both the quality of its products and how they are advertised. In this context, neuromarketing seeks to enhance the promotion of products and generate a greater…
In an age overrun with information, the ability to process reams of data has become crucial. The demand for data will continue to grow as smart gadgets multiply and become increasingly integrated into our daily lives. Next-generation…
We report a multi-modal spiking neuron that allows optical and electronic input and control, and wavelength-multiplexing operation, for use in novel high-speed neuromorphic sensing and computing functionalities. The photonic-electronic…
Control of light through a microscope objective with a high numerical aperture is a common requirement in applications such as optogenetics, adaptive optics, or laser processing. Light propagation, including polarization effects, can be…
Controllable rotation of micro-/nano-objects provides tremendous opportunities for cellular biology, three-dimensional (3D) imaging, and micro/nanorobotics. Among different rotation techniques, optical rotation is particularly attractive…