English
Related papers

Related papers: Addressing Tokenization Inconsistency in Steganogr…

200 papers

Current language models (LMs) use a fixed, static subword tokenizer. This default choice typically results in degraded efficiency and language capabilities, especially in languages other than English. To address this issue, we challenge the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-12 Darius Feher , Ivan Vulić , Benjamin Minixhofer

Invisible watermarking for autoregressive (AR) image generation has recently gained attention as a means of protecting image ownership and tracing AI-generated content. However, existing approaches suffer from three key limitations: (1)…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-15 Yigit Yilmaz , Elena Petrova , Mehmet Kaya , Lucia Rossi , Amir Rahman

Text watermarking technology aims to tag and identify content produced by large language models (LLMs) to prevent misuse. In this study, we introduce the concept of cross-lingual consistency in text watermarking, which assesses the ability…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-05 Zhiwei He , Binglin Zhou , Hongkun Hao , Aiwei Liu , Xing Wang , Zhaopeng Tu , Zhuosheng Zhang , Rui Wang

As AI advances, copyrighted content faces growing risk of unauthorized use, whether through model training or direct misuse. Building upon invisible adversarial perturbation, recent works developed copyright protections against specific AI…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-04 Tianci Liu , Tong Yang , Quan Zhang , Qi Lei

Despite recent successes in language models, their ability to represent numbers is insufficient. Humans conceptualize numbers based on their magnitudes, effectively projecting them on a number line; whereas subword tokenization fails to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-11 Avijit Thawani , Jay Pujara , Ashwin Kalyan

Large-language models (LLMs) are now able to produce text that is, in many cases, seemingly indistinguishable from human-generated content. This has fueled the development of watermarks that imprint a ``signal'' in LLM-generated text with…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-05-15 Dor Tsur , Carol Xuan Long , Claudio Mayrink Verdun , Hsiang Hsu , Haim Permuter , Flavio P. Calmon

Recent research in provably secure neural linguistic steganography has overlooked a crucial aspect: the sender must detokenize stegotexts to avoid raising suspicion from the eavesdropper. The segmentation ambiguity problem, which arises…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-12-17 Yuang Qi , Kejiang Chen , Kai Zeng , Weiming Zhang , Nenghai Yu

Transformers achieve unrivalled performance in modelling language, but remain inefficient in terms of memory and time complexity. A possible remedy is to reduce the sequence length in the intermediate layers by pooling fixed-length segments…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-25 Piotr Nawrot , Jan Chorowski , Adrian Łańcucki , Edoardo M. Ponti

Tokenisation - "the process of splitting text into atomic parts" (Brezina & Timperley, 2017: 1) - is a crucial step for corpus linguistics, as it provides the basis for any applicable quantitative method (e.g. collocations) while ensuring…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-03 Matteo Di Cristofaro

Generative inbetweening (GI) seeks to synthesize realistic intermediate frames between the first and last keyframes beyond mere interpolation. As sequences become sparser and motions larger, previous GI models struggle with inconsistent…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-19 Tae Eun Choi , Sumin Shim , Junhyeok Kim , Seong Jae Hwang

Notwithstanding offering convenience and entertainment to society, Deepfake face swapping has caused critical privacy issues with the rapid development of deep generative models. Due to imperceptible artifacts in high-quality synthetic…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-05 Tianyi Wang , Mengxiao Huang , Harry Cheng , Bin Ma , Yinglong Wang

Instruction-driven image editing allows users to quickly edit an image according to text instructions in a forward pass. Nevertheless, malicious users can easily exploit this technique to create fake images, which could cause a crisis of…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-07-18 Runyi Hu , Jie Zhang , Ting Xu , Jiwei Li , Tianwei Zhang

Amidst rising concerns about the internet being proliferated with content generated from language models (LMs), watermarking is seen as a principled way to certify whether text was generated from a model. Many recent watermarking techniques…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-11-11 Saksham Rastogi , Danish Pruthi

With the growth of editing and sharing images through the internet, the importance of protecting the images' authorship has increased. Robust watermarking is a known approach to maintaining copyright protection. Robustness and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-12-27 Arezoo PariZanganeh , Ghazaleh Ghorbanzadeh , Zahra Nabizadeh ShahreBabak , Nader Karimi , Shadrokh Samavi

This paper introduces a novel problem, distributional information embedding, motivated by the practical demands of multi-bit watermarking for large language models (LLMs). Unlike traditional information embedding, which embeds information…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-07-03 Haiyun He , Yepeng Liu , Ziqiao Wang , Yongyi Mao , Yuheng Bu

Language models typically tokenize text into subwords, using a deterministic, hand-engineered heuristic of combining characters into longer surface-level strings such as 'ing' or whole words. Recent literature has repeatedly shown the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-19 Avijit Thawani , Saurabh Ghanekar , Xiaoyuan Zhu , Jay Pujara

Trigger set-based watermarking schemes have gained emerging attention as they provide a means to prove ownership for deep neural network model owners. In this paper, we argue that state-of-the-art trigger set-based watermarking algorithms…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-01-20 Suyoung Lee , Wonho Song , Suman Jana , Meeyoung Cha , Sooel Son

LLM watermarks stand out as a promising way to attribute ownership of LLM-generated text. One threat to watermark credibility comes from spoofing attacks, where an unauthorized third party forges the watermark, enabling it to falsely…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-05-23 Thibaud Gloaguen , Nikola Jovanović , Robin Staab , Martin Vechev

The rapid development of video generative models has led to a surge in highly realistic synthetic videos, raising ethical concerns related to disinformation and copyright infringement. Recently, video watermarking has been proposed as a…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-05-29 Zhengyuan Jiang , Moyang Guo , Kecen Li , Yuepeng Hu , Yupu Wang , Zhicong Huang , Cheng Hong , Neil Zhenqiang Gong

With the rapid growth of Large Language Models (LLMs), safeguarding textual content against unauthorized use is crucial. Watermarking offers a vital solution, protecting both - LLM-generated and plain text sources. This paper presents a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-08 Harsh Nishant Lalai , Aashish Anantha Ramakrishnan , Raj Sanjay Shah , Dongwon Lee