Related papers: Signals for fluctuating constituent numbers in sma…
Baryon number cumulants are invaluable tools to diagnose the primordial stage of heavy ion collisions if they can be measured. In experiments, however, proton number cumulants have been measured as substitutes. In fact, proton number…
The event-by-event analysis of heavy ions collisions is becoming possible with advent of large acceptance detectors: it can provide dynamical information which cannot be obtained from inclusive spectra. We identify some observables which…
A multi-phase transport (AMPT) model has been successful in explaining a wide range of observables in relativistic heavy ion collisions. In this work, we implement a modern set of free proton parton distribution functions and an impact…
The time evolution of particle number fluctuations in nuclear collisions at intermediate energies ($E_{\rm lab} = 1.23-10A$ GeV) is studied by means of the UrQMD-3.5 transport model. The transport description incorporates baryonic…
The initial state is one of the greatest uncertainties in heavy-ion collisions. A model-agnostic approach is taken in the phenomenological Trento framework which constrains parameters using Bayesian analysis. However, the color-glass…
The detailed comprehension of momentum fraction and energy dependence of proton structure functions is among the major difficulties in high-energy physics. Perturbative quantum chromodynamics (QCD) plays as an extensive foundation for…
Recent results on event-by-event mean transverse momentum, $\mpt$, fluctuations in ultra-relativistic heavy ion collisions are briefly reviewed. We conclude that the observed fluctuations are in a rough agreement with that expected for the…
I investigate the behavior of spin-dependent parton distribution functions in the regions of small and large momentum fractions $x$. I present a systematic comparison between predictions for relevant observables obtained with various models…
Higher moments of net-proton Binder ratio, which is suggested to be a good experimental measurement to locate the QCD critical point, is measured in relativistic heavy ion collisions. We firstly estimate the effect of statistical…
The generalized parton distributions (GPDs) of the meson and nucleon at small and large values of the momentum transfer were determined on the basis of the comparative analysis of different sets of experimental data of electromagnetic form…
In relativistic heavy-ion collisions, the event-by-event mean transverse momentum fluctuations are sensitive to overlap area and energy density fluctuations in initial state. We present a framework to calculate $p_{\mathrm{T}}$ fluctuations…
Multiplicity distributions of charged particles and their event-by-event fluctuations have been compiled for relativistic heavy-ion collisions from the available experimental data at Brookhaven National Laboratory and CERN and also by the…
We present a new method for the calculation of fragment size correlations in a discrete finite system in which correlations explicitly due to the finite extent of the system are suppressed. To this end, we introduce a combinatorial model,…
Fluctuation measurements are important sources of information on the mechanism of particle production at LHC energies. This article reports the first experimental results on third-order cumulants of the net-proton distributions in Pb$-$Pb…
We develop and extend the dynamical string parton model. This model, which is based on the salient features of QCD, uses classical Nambu-Got\=o strings with the endpoints identified as partons, an invariant string breaking model of the…
We develop a framework to relate proton number cumulants measured in heavy-ion collisions within a momentum space acceptance to the susceptibilities of baryon number, assuming that particles are emitted from a fireball with uniform…
We propose a test-particle method to probe the transport dynamics of the establishment and development of collective flow in large and small systems of heavy-ion collisions. We place test particles as passengers into the partonic medium…
The region of the small and large momentum transfer is examined from a view point of the contribution of the different parts of the scattering amplitude, soft and hard pomeron, and odderon contribution. The new model taking into account the…
We compare the dispersion of the charges in a central rapidity box according to the Dual Parton Model with the predictions of statistical models. Significant deviations are found in heavy ion collisions at RHIC and LHC energies. Hence the…
With large volumes of data available at LHC, it has possible to study the multiplicity distributions. It is interesting as well to check how well event generators can describes the properties and the behavior of multi-particle production…