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Spin-orbit coupling and breaking of inversion symmetry are necessary ingredients to enable a pure spin current-based manipulation of the magnetization via the spin-orbit torque effect. Currently, magnetic insulator oxides with…

We propose the use of resonant tunneling as a route to enhance the spin-transfer torque switching characteristics of magnetic tunnel junctions. The proposed device structure is a resonant tunneling magnetic tunnel junction based on a…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2014-12-16 Niladri Chatterji , Ashwin A Tulapurkar , Bhaskaran Muralidharan

Spintronics, which is the basis of a low-power, beyond-CMOS technology for computational and memory devices, remains up to now entirely based on critical materials such as Co, heavy metals and rare-earths. Here, we show that Mn4N, a…

Materials Science · Physics 2019-03-05 T. Gushi , M. Jovičević Klug , J. Peña Garcia , H. Okuno , J. Vogel , J. P. Attané , T. Suemasu , S. Pizzini , L. Vila

Using the linear response formalism for the spin-orbit torque (SOT) we compute from first principles the SOT in a system of two layers of L1$_0$-FePt(001) deposited on an fcc Pt(001) substrate of varying thickness. We find that at room…

Materials Science · Physics 2015-06-22 Guillaume Géranton , Frank Freimuth , Stefan Blügel , Yuriy Mokrousov

Spintronic devices as alternatives to traditional semiconductor-based electronic devices attract considerable interest as they offer zero quiescent power, built-in memory, scalability, and reconfigurability. To realize spintronic logic…

Applied Physics · Physics 2017-12-04 Seung-heon Chris Baek , Kyung-Woong Park , Deok-Sin Kil , Kyung-Jin Lee , Byong-Guk Park

Electrical manipulation of magnetization by spin-orbit torque (SOT) has shown promise for realizing reliable magnetic memories and oscillators. To date, the generation of transverse spin current and SOT, whether it is of spin Hall effect…

Materials Science · Physics 2019-02-20 Yong-Chang Lau , Hwachol Lee , Kohji Nakamura , Masamitsu Hayashi

The spin torque oscillator (STO), where the magnetization of the fixed layer is tilted out of the film plane, is capable of strong microwave signal generation in zero magnetic field. Through numerical simulations of the…

Materials Science · Physics 2008-04-29 Yan Zhou , C. L. Zha , S. Bonetti , J. Persson , Johan Akerman

We demonstrate a current tunable Rashba spin orbit interaction in LaAlO3/SrTiO3 (LAO/STO) quasi two dimensional electron gas (2DEG) system. Anisotropic magnetoresistance (AMR) measurements are employed to detect and understand the…

Realizing deterministic current-induced spin-orbit torque (SOT) magnetization switching, especially in systems exhibiting perpendicular magnetic anisotropy (PMA), typically requires the application of a collinear in-plane field, posing a…

Applied Physics · Physics 2024-07-08 Zhe Zhang , Zhuoyi Li , Yuzhe Chen , Fangyuan Zhu , Yu Yan , Yao Li , Liang He , Jun Du , Rong Zhang , Jing Wu , Xianyang Lu , Yongbing Xu

Spin-orbit coupling (SOC) is a key interaction in spintronics, allowing an electrical control of spin or magnetization and, vice versa, a magnetic control of electrical current. However, recent advances have revealed much broader…

Oxidation strongly influences the properties of magnetic layers employed in spintronic devices. We study the effect of oxidation on the structural, magnetic, and electrical properties as well as current-induced spin-orbit torques (SOTs) in…

Effective spin mixing conductance (ESMC) across the nonmagnetic metal (NM)/ferromagnet interface, spin Hall conductivity (SHC) and spin diffusion length (SDL) in the NM layer govern the functionality and performance of pure spin current…

Materials Science · Physics 2016-09-02 L. Ma , H. A. Zhou , L. Wang , X. L. Fan , W. J. Fan , D. S. Xue , K. Xia , G. Y. Guo , S. M. Zhou

The generation of spin-orbital currents is crucial for advancing energy-efficient spintronic devices. Here, the intricate process involved in the generation and conversion of spin and orbital to charge currents in Zr(t=2, 3, 4.5, 6,…

We demonstrate ultra-fast (down to 400 ps) bipolar magnetization switching of a three-terminal perpendicular Ta/FeCoB/MgO/FeCoB magnetic tunnel junction. The critical current density rises significantly as the current pulse shortens below…

Spin-orbit torques (SOTs) have emerged as an efficient means to electrically control the magnetization in ferromagnetic heterostructures. Lately, an increasing attention has been devoted to SOTs in heavy metal (HM)/magnetic insulator (MI)…

Materials Science · Physics 2023-05-09 Martín Testa-Anta , Charles-Henri Lambert , Can Onur Avci

So far, studies of spin-orbit torques (SOT) in ferromagnets with perpendicular magnetic anisotropy (PMA) have been restricted to ultra thin samples, while a systematic study of its thickness dependence is still lacking in literature. In…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2018-06-08 Niklas Roschewsky , Charles-Henri Lambert , Sayeef Salahuddin

Despite recent advances in orbitronics, generating out-of-plane orbital torques essential for field-free deterministic switching of perpendicular magnetization remains a key challenge. Here, we propose a strategy to produce such…

Materials Science · Physics 2025-11-14 Hui Wang , Xukun Feng , Jin Cao , Huiying Liu , Weibo Gao , Cong Xiao , Shengyuan A. Yang , Lay Kee Ang

State-of-the-art developments in magnetic devices rely on manufacturing faster, more efficient memory elements. A significant development in this direction has been the discovery of orbital torques, which employ the orbital angular momentum…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2025-11-12 James H. Cullen , Zhanning Wang , Dimitrie Culcer

Spin currents can modify the magnetic state of ferromagnetic ultrathin films through spin-orbit torque. They may be generated by means of spin-orbit interaction by either bulk or interfacial phenomena. Electrical transport measurements…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2022-06-27 A. Anadón , R. Guerrero , J. A. Jover-Galtier , A. Gudín , J. M. Díez , P. Olleros-Rodríguez , R. Miranda , J. Camarero , P. Perna

We propose a heterostructure device comprised of magnets and piezoelectrics that significantly improves the delay and the energy dissipation of an all-spin logic (ASL) device. This paper studies and models the physics of the device,…