Related papers: Managing Multi Instance GPUs for High Throughput a…

Efficient utilization of GPU resources and power has become critical with the growing demand for GPUs in high-performance computing (HPC). In this paper, we analyze GPU utilization and GPU memory utilization, as well as the power…

The high memory and computation demand of large language models (LLMs) makes them challenging to be deployed on consumer devices due to limited GPU memory. Offloading can mitigate the memory constraint but often suffers from low GPU…

High Performance Computing (HPC) on hybrid clusters represents a significant opportunity for Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD), especially when modern accelerators are utilized effectively. However, despite the widespread adoption of GPUs,…

Multimodal large language model (MLLM) inference splits into two phases with opposing hardware demands: vision encoding is compute-bound, while language generation is memory-bandwidth-bound. We show that under standard transformer KV…

The rapid advancements in artificial intelligence (AI), particularly the Large Language Models (LLMs), have profoundly affected our daily work and communication forms. However, it is still a challenge to deploy LLMs on resource-constrained…

Mixture of Experts (MoE) LLMs, characterized by their sparse activation patterns, offer a promising approach to scaling language models while avoiding proportionally increasing the inference cost. However, their large parameter sizes…

The rapid development in scientific research provides a need for more compute power, which is partly being solved by GPUs. This paper presents a microarchitectural analysis of the modern NVIDIA Blackwell architecture by studying GPU…

There is a tremendous amount of interest in AI/ML technologies due to the proliferation of generative AI applications such as ChatGPT. This trend has significantly increased demand on GPUs, which are the workhorses for training AI models.…

This study systematically tests a computational power reuse scheme proposed by the open source community disabling specific instruction sets (Fused Multiply Add instructions) through CUDA source code modifications on the NVIDIA CMP 170HX…

Latency-sensitive inference on shared A100 clusters often suffers noisy-neighbor interference on the PCIe fabric, inflating tail latency and SLO violations. We present a fabric-agnostic, VM-deployable host-level controller that combines…

The attention layer, a core component of Transformer-based LLMs, brings out inefficiencies in current GPU systems due to its low operational intensity and the substantial memory requirements of KV caches. We propose a High-bandwidth…

New challenges in Astronomy and Astrophysics (AA) are urging the need for a large number of exceptionally computationally intensive simulations. "Exascale" (and beyond) computational facilities are mandatory to address the size of…

Modern GPU workloads increasingly demand efficient resource sharing, as many jobs do not require the full capacity of a GPU. Among sharing techniques, NVIDIA's Multi-Instance GPU (MIG) offers strong resource isolation by enabling…

Both the training and use of Large Language Models (LLMs) require large amounts of energy. Their increasing popularity, therefore, raises critical concerns regarding the energy efficiency and sustainability of data centers that host them.…

Transformer-based Large Language Models (LLMs) have made a significant impact on various domains. However, LLMs' efficiency suffers from both heavy computation and memory overheads. Compression techniques like sparsification and…

Confidential computing on GPUs, like NVIDIA H100, mitigates the security risks of outsourced Large Language Models (LLMs) by implementing strong isolation and data encryption. Nonetheless, this encryption incurs a significant performance…

Large inter-GPU all-reduce operations, prevalent throughout deep learning, are bottlenecked by communication costs. Emerging heterogeneous architectures are comprised of complex nodes, often containing $4$ GPUs and dozens to hundreds of CPU…

Fault tolerance overhead of high performance computing (HPC) applications is becoming critical to the efficient utilization of HPC systems at large scale. HPC applications typically tolerate fail-stop failures by checkpointing. Another…

Serving large language models (LLMs) is expensive, especially for providers hosting many models, making cost reduction essential. The unique workload patterns of serving multiple LLMs (i.e., multi-LLM serving) create new opportunities and…

Modern GPUs adopt chiplet-based designs with multiple private cache hierarchies, but current programming models (CUDA/HIP) expose a flat execution hierarchy that cannot express chiplet-level locality or synchronization. This mismatch leads…