Related papers: Benford Behavior in Stick Fragmentation Problems
We investigate Benford's law in relation to fractal geometry. Basic fractals, such as the Cantor set and Sierpinski triangle are obtained as the limit of iterative sets, and the unique measures of their components follow a geometric…
A necessary and sufficient condition ("nonresonance") is established for every solution of an autonomous linear difference equation, or more generally for every sequence $(x^\top A^n y)$ with $x,y\in \mathbb{R}^d$ and $A\in…
We demonstrate that large texts, representing human (English, Russian, Ukrainian) and artificial (C++, Java) languages, display quantitative patterns characterized by the Benford-like and Zipf laws. The frequency of a word following the…
Mathematical inequalities, combined with atomic-physics sum rules, enable one to derive lower and upper bounds for the Rosseland and/or Planck mean opacities. The resulting constraints must be satisfied, either for pure elements or…
A simple fragmentation model is introduced and analysed. We show that, under very general conditions, an effective power law for the mass distribution arises with realistic exponent. This exponent has a universal limit, but in practice the…
Recent works have highlighted optimization difficulties faced by gradient descent in training the first and last layers of transformer-based language models, which are overcome by optimizers such as Adam. These works suggest that the…
We present a simple numerical model for investigating the general properties of fragmentation. By use of molecular dynamics simulations, we study the impact fragmentation of a solid disk of interacting particles with a wall. Regardless of…
This note studies the asymptotic properties of the variable $$Z_d:=\frac{X_1}{d}|\{X_1+X_2=d\},$$ as $d\to \infty$. Here $X_1$ and $X_2$ are non-negative i.i.d. variables with a common twice differentiable density function $f$. General…
We consider real-valued branching random walks and prove a large deviation result for the position of the rightmost particle. The position of the rightmost particle is the maximum of a collection of a random number of dependent random…
In this paper, we present a possible theoretical explanation for benford's law. We develop a recursive relation between the probabilities, using simple intuitive ideas. We first use numerical solutions of this recursion and verify that the…
A statistical model of fragmentation of aggregates is proposed, based on the stochastic propagation of cracks through the body. The propagation rules are formulated on a lattice and mimic two important features of the process -- a crack…
We prove a power law for the asymptotic decay of the Favard length of neighbourhoods of certain self-similar sets in $\mathbb{R}^d$ with $d \geq 2$. These self-similar sets are generalizations of the so-called four-corner Cantor set to…
One-dimensional fragment of first-order logic is obtained by restricting quantification to blocks of existential (universal) quantifiers that leave at most one variable free. We investigate this fragment over words and trees, presenting a…
We analyse how simple local constraints in two dimensions lead a defect to exhibit robust, non-transient, and tunable, subdiffusion. We uncover a rich dynamical phenomenology realised in ice- and dimer-type models. On the microscopic scale…
An interesting problem in statistical physics is the condensation of classical particles in droplets or clusters when the pair-interaction is given by a stable Lennard-Jones-type potential. We study two aspects of this problem. We start by…
We consider numbers formed by concatenating some of the base b digits from additive functions f(n) that closely resemble the prime counting function \Omega(n). If we concatenate the last \lceil y \frac{\log \log \log n}{\log b} \rceil…
Laws of large numbers, starting from certain nonequilibrium measures, have been shown for the integrated current across a bond, and a tagged particle in one-dimensional symmetric nearest-neighbor simple exclusion [Ann. Inst. Henri Poincare…
For many standard models of random structure, first-order logic sentences exhibit a convergence phenomenon on random inputs. The most well-known example is for random graphs with constant edge probability, where the probabilities of…
Dynamic Spectrum Access systems exploit temporarily available spectrum (`white spaces') and can spread transmissions over a number of non-contiguous sub-channels. Such methods are highly beneficial in terms of spectrum utilization. However,…
Let $M_n$ be the minimal position at generation $n$, of a real-valued branching random walk in the boundary case. As $n \to \infty$, $M_n- {3 \over 2} \log n$ is tight (see [1][9][2]). We establish here a law of iterated logarithm for the…