Related papers: Homotopy classification of closed polygonal lines
In order to apply nonstandard methods to questions of algebraic geometry we continue our investigation from "Enlargements of categories" (Theory Appl. Categ. 14 (2005), No. 16, 357--398) and show how important homotopical constructions…
Given a small category C, we show that there is a universal way of expanding C into a model category, essentially by formally adjoining homotopy colimits. The technique of localization becomes a method for imposing `relations' into these…
We introduce and study the proper topological complexity of a given configuration space, a version of the classical invariant for which we require that the algorithm controlling the motion is able to avoid any possible choice of ``unsafe''…
For real application and theoretical investigation of ordinary hypergraphs and non-ordinary hypergraphs, researchers need to establish standard rules and feasible operating methods. We propose a visualization tool for investigating…
The present paper mainly presents, for example, explicit classifications of compact smooth manifolds having non-empty boundaries and simple structures where the dimensions are general. Studies of this type is fundamental and important. They…
In this paper, we introduce relative LS category of a map and study some of its properties. Then we introduce `higher topological complexity' of a map, a homotopy invariant. We give a cohomological lower bound and compare it with previously…
Homotopy Type Theory may be seen as an internal language for the $\infty$-category of weak $\infty$-groupoids which in particular models the univalence axiom. Voevodsky proposes this language for weak $\infty$-groupoids as a new foundation…
In this paper we sketch how some fundamental concepts of modern topology (as well as logic and category theory) can be understood philosophically in the light of Hegel's Science Logic as well how modern topological concepts can provide…
The homotopical information hidden in a supersymmetric structure is revealed by considering deformations of a configuration manifold. This is in sharp contrast to the usual standpoints such as Connes' programme where a geometrical structure…
Since Quillen proved his famous equivalences of homotopy categories in 1969, much work has been done towards classifying the rational homotopy types of simply connected topological places. The majority of this work has focused on rational…
The concept of typed topological space is introduced, for which open sets in a topology on a finite set will be assigned types (from lattice). The neighborhood system of a point, the closure and the connectedness can be defined according to…
Consider a finite, regular cover $Y\to X$ of finite graphs, with associated deck group $G$. We relate the topology of the cover to the structure of $H_1(Y;\mathbb{C})$ as a $G$-representation. A central object in this study is the {\em…
Interactions in complex systems are widely observed across various fields, drawing increased attention from researchers. In mathematics, efforts are made to develop various theories and methods for studying the interactions between spaces.…
The Hopf theorem states that homotopy classes of continuous maps from a closed connected oriented smooth $n$-manifold $M$ to the $n$-sphere are classified by their degree. Such a map is equivalent to a section of the trivial $n$-sphere…
We describe the homotopy classes of 2 by 2 periodic simple (=non-degenerate) matrices with various symmetries. This turns out to be an elementary exercise in the homotopy of closed curves in three dimensions. The matrices represent gapped…
The topological classification of gapped band structures depends on the particular definition of topological equivalence. For translation-invariant systems, stable equivalence is defined by a lack of restrictions on the numbers of occupied…
We show that closed, connected 4-manifolds up to connected sum with copies of the complex projective plane are classified in terms of the fundamental group, the orientation character and an extension class involving the second homotopy…
The fundamental bigroupoid of a topological space is one way of capturing its homotopy 2-type. When the space is semilocally 2-connected, one can lift the construction to a bigroupoid internal to the category of topological spaces, as Brown…
This article is a standalone introduction to sutured Floer homology for graduate students in geometry and topology. It is divided into three parts. The first part is an introductory level exposition of Lagrangian Floer homology. The second…
This is an expository introduction to simplicial sets and simplicial homotopy theory with particular focus on relating the combinatorial aspects of the theory to their geometric/topological origins. It is intended to be accessible to…