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Researchers and practitioners have recently reframed powerful Large Language Models (LLMs) as agents, enabling them to automate complex tasks largely via the use of specialized functions. To facilitate the development of LLM agents, we…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-08-01 Shaokun Zhang , Jieyu Zhang , Jiale Liu , Linxin Song , Chi Wang , Ranjay Krishna , Qingyun Wu

The rapid evolution of Large Language Model (LLM) agents has necessitated robust memory systems to support cohesive long-term interaction and complex reasoning. Benefiting from the strong capabilities of LLMs, recent research focus has…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-16 Weiquan Huang , Zixuan Wang , Hehai Lin , Sudong Wang , Bo Xu , Qian Li , Beier Zhu , Linyi Yang , Chengwei Qin

Large language models face challenges in long-context question answering, where key evidence of a query may be dispersed across millions of tokens. Existing works equip large language models with a memory buffer that is dynamically updated…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Yaorui Shi , Yuxin Chen , Siyuan Wang , Sihang Li , Hengxing Cai , Qi Gu , Xiang Wang , An Zhang

Large language models (LLMs) have recently emerged as promising tools for solving challenging robotic tasks, even in the presence of action and observation uncertainties. Recent LLM-based decision-making methods (also referred to as…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-09-20 Abhinav Jain , Chris Jermaine , Vaibhav Unhelkar

Large Language Models (LLMs) have become a mainstay for many everyday applications. However, as data evolve their knowledge quickly becomes outdated. Continual learning aims to update LLMs with new information without erasing previously…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-05 Thomas Katraouras , Dimitrios Rafailidis

Large language model (LLM) agents are constrained by limited context windows, necessitating external memory systems for long-term information understanding. Current memory-augmented agents typically depend on pre-defined instructions and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-01 Yu Wang , Ryuichi Takanobu , Zhiqi Liang , Yuzhen Mao , Yuanzhe Hu , Julian McAuley , Xiaojian Wu

While current large language models (LLMs) perform well on many knowledge-related tasks, they are limited by relying on their parameters as an implicit storage mechanism. As a result, they struggle with memorizing rare events and with…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-18 Ali Modarressi , Abdullatif Köksal , Ayyoob Imani , Mohsen Fayyaz , Hinrich Schütze

Large Language Model (LLM) web agents often struggle with long-horizon web navigation and web task completion in new websites, producing inefficient action sequences unless fine-tuned on environment-specific data. We show that…

Large language model (LLM) agents are moving beyond prompting alone. ChatGPT marked the rise of general-purpose LLM assistants, DeepSeek showed that on-policy reinforcement learning with verifiable rewards can improve reasoning and tool…

Recent advancements in Large Language Models (LLMs) have driven growing interest in LLM-based agents for complex planning tasks. To avoid costly agent training, many studies adopted memory mechanism that enhances LLM with offline…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Wei Yang , Jinwei Xiao , Hongming Zhang , Qingyang Zhang , Yanna Wang , Bo Xu

Large Language Model (LLM) agents require persistent memory to maintain personalization, factual continuity, and long-horizon reasoning, yet standard context-window and retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) pipelines degrade over…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-07 Shu Wang , Edwin Yu , Oscar Love , Tom Zhang , Tom Wong , Steve Scargall , Charles Fan

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities across a range of text-generation tasks. However, LLMs still struggle with problems requiring multi-step decision-making and environmental feedback, such as online…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-02-18 Zhenfang Chen , Delin Chen , Rui Sun , Wenjun Liu , Chuang Gan

Large Language Models (LLMs) represent a landmark achievement in Artificial Intelligence (AI), demonstrating unprecedented proficiency in procedural tasks such as text generation, code completion, and conversational coherence. These…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-05-07 Schaun Wheeler , Olivier Jeunen

Memory-augmented Large Language Models (LLMs) are essential for developing capable, long-term AI agents. Recently, applying Reinforcement Learning (RL) to optimize memory operations, such as extraction, updating, and retrieval, has emerged…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-08 Ziliang Guo , Ziheng Li , Bo Tang , Feiyu Xiong , Zhiyu Li

The emergence of agentic reinforcement learning (Agentic RL) marks a paradigm shift from conventional reinforcement learning applied to large language models (LLM RL), reframing LLMs from passive sequence generators into autonomous,…

Large Language Models (LLMs) have made significant progress in open-ended dialogue, yet their inability to retain and retrieve relevant information from long-term interactions limits their effectiveness in applications requiring sustained…

Adapting Large Language Models in complex technical service domains is constrained by the absence of explicit cognitive chains in human demonstrations and the inherent ambiguity arising from the diversity of valid responses. These…

This paper focuses on extending the success of large language models (LLMs) to sequential decision making. Existing efforts either (i) re-train or finetune LLMs for decision making, or (ii) design prompts for pretrained LLMs. The former…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-17 Dingyang Chen , Qi Zhang , Yinglun Zhu

Pre-trained language models (PLMs) show impressive performance in various downstream NLP tasks. However, pre-training large language models demands substantial memory and training compute. Furthermore, due to the substantial resources…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-01 HyunJin Kim , Young Jin Kim , JinYeong Bak

With the rapid development of Large Language Models (LLMs), LLM-based agents have been widely adopted in various fields, becoming essential for autonomous decision-making and interactive tasks. However, current work typically relies on…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-25 Shangheng Du , Jiabao Zhao , Jinxin Shi , Zhentao Xie , Xin Jiang , Yanhong Bai , Liang He