English
Related papers

Related papers: Conditional cross-fitting for unbiased machine-lea…

200 papers

Researchers often use linear regression to analyse randomized experiments to improve treatment effect estimation by adjusting for imbalances of covariates in the treatment and control groups. Our work offers a randomization-based inference…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2022-07-08 Hanzhong Liu , Yuehan Yang

In many practical situations, randomly assigning treatments to subjects is uncommon due to feasibility constraints. For example, economic aid programs and merit-based scholarships are often restricted to those meeting specific income or…

In cluster randomized trials, patients are typically recruited after clusters are randomized, and the recruiters and patients may not be blinded to the assignment. This often leads to differential recruitment and consequently systematic…

Methodology · Statistics 2021-10-05 Fan Li , Zizhong Tian , Jennifer Bobb , Georgia Papadogeorgou , Fan Li

Several problems in statistics involve the combination of high-variance unbiased estimators with low-variance estimators that are only unbiased under strong assumptions. A notable example is the estimation of causal effects while combining…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-05-25 Michael Oberst , Alexander D'Amour , Minmin Chen , Yuyan Wang , David Sontag , Steve Yadlowsky

Ensemble learning is a mainstay in modern data science practice. Conventional ensemble algorithms assign to base models a set of deterministic, constant model weights that (1) do not fully account for individual models' varying accuracy…

Methodology · Statistics 2019-04-02 Jeremiah Zhe Liu , John Paisley , Marianthi-Anna Kioumourtzoglou , Brent A. Coull

We study covariance matrix estimation for the case of partially observed random vectors, where different samples contain different subsets of vector coordinates. Each observation is the product of the variable of interest with a $0-1$…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2018-04-06 Eduardo Pavez , Antonio Ortega

In many social, behavioral, and biomedical sciences, treatment effect estimation is a crucial step in understanding the impact of an intervention, policy, or treatment. In recent years, an increasing emphasis has been placed on…

Methodology · Statistics 2024-10-10 Xinhai Zhang , Xingye Qiao

We investigate the problem of estimating the average treatment effect (ATE) under a very general setup where the covariates can be high-dimensional, highly correlated, and can have sparse nonlinear effects on the propensity and outcome…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-08-26 Jianqing Fan , Soham Jana , Sanjeev Kulkarni , Qishuo Yin

Confounding bias, missing data, and selection bias are three common obstacles to valid causal inference in the data sciences. Covariate adjustment is the most pervasive technique for recovering casual effects from confounding bias. In this…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-09-17 Mojdeh Saadati , Jin Tian

We study the problem of treatment effect estimation in randomized experiments with high-dimensional covariate information, and show that essentially any risk-consistent regression adjustment can be used to obtain efficient estimates of the…

Methodology · Statistics 2022-06-08 Stefan Wager , Wenfei Du , Jonathan Taylor , Robert Tibshirani

Variational Autoencoders (VAEs) are a popular generative model, but one in which conditional inference can be challenging. If the decomposition into query and evidence variables is fixed, conditional VAEs provide an attractive solution. To…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2018-10-05 Ga Wu , Justin Domke , Scott Sanner

Randomized experiments are an excellent tool for estimating internally valid causal effects with the sample at hand, but their external validity is frequently debated. While classical results on the estimation of Population Average…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-01-13 Apoorva Lal , Wenjing Zheng , Simon Ejdemyr

The average treatment effect (ATE), the mean difference in potential outcomes under treatment and control, is a canonical causal effect. Overlap, which says that all subjects have non-zero probability of either treatment status, is…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-05-14 Herbert P. Susmann , Alec McClean , Iván Díaz

Consider the problem of estimating average treatment effects when a large number of covariates are used to adjust for possible confounding through outcome regression and propensity score models. The conventional approach of model building…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2018-01-31 Zhiqiang Tan

Background: In clinical research, the Bland-Altman analysis is commonly used to assess agreement of metric measurements made by two or more techniques, devices or methods. The approach can also deal with repeated measurements per subject or…

We develop flexible, semiparametric estimators of the average treatment effect (ATE) transported to a new population ("target population") that offer potential efficiency gains. Transport may be of value when the ATE may differ across…

Methodology · Statistics 2024-06-07 Kara E. Rudolph , Nicholas T. Williams , Elizabeth A. Stuart , Ivan Diaz

Recently, many causal estimators for Conditional Average Treatment Effect (CATE) and instrumental variable (IV) problems have been published and open sourced, allowing to estimate granular impact of both randomized treatments (such as A/B…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-12-21 Egor Kraev , Timo Flesch , Hudson Taylor Lekunze , Mark Harley , Pere Planell Morell

We consider the problem of estimating and inferring treatment effects in randomized experiments. In practice, stratified randomization, or more generally, covariate-adaptive randomization, is routinely used in the design stage to balance…

Methodology · Statistics 2022-09-27 Hanzhong Liu , Fuyi Tu , Wei Ma

The survey experiment is widely used in economics and social sciences to evaluate the effects of treatments or programs. In a standard population-based survey experiment, the experimenter randomly draws experimental units from a target…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-05-11 Pengfei Tian , Jiyang Ren , Yingying Ma

Object counting models suffer when deployed across domains with differing density variety, since density shifts are inherently task-relevant and violate standard domain adaptation assumptions. To address this, we propose a theoretical…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-03 Zhuonan Liang , Dongnan Liu , Jianan Fan , Yaxuan Song , Qiang Qu , Runnan Chen , Yu Yao , Peng Fu , Weidong Cai