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A central challenge in electroencephalography (EEG) foundation modeling is learning transferable representations across recordings with diverse tasks, montages, references, and spectral characteristics. Existing masked modeling approaches…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Jamiyan Sukhbaatar , Satoshi Imamura , Toshihisa Tanaka

A significant challenge in the electroencephalogram EEG lies in the fact that current data representations involve multiple electrode signals, resulting in data redundancy and dominant lead information. However extensive research conducted…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-07-31 Huyen Ngo , Khoi Do , Duong Nguyen , Viet Dung Nguyen , Lan Dang

Diffusion models are a powerful tool for probabilistic forecasting, yet most applications in high-dimensional complex systems predict future states individually. This approach struggles to model complex temporal dependencies and fails to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-10 Salva Rühling Cachay , Miika Aittala , Karsten Kreis , Noah Brenowitz , Arash Vahdat , Morteza Mardani , Rose Yu

An Electroencephalogram (EEG) is a non-invasive exam that records the brain's electrical activity. This is used to help diagnose conditions such as different brain problems. EEG signals are taken for epilepsy detection, and with Discrete…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-28 Rabel Guharoy , Nanda Dulal Jana , Suparna Biswas , Lalit Garg

Epilepsy is one of the most common neurological diseases, characterized by transient and unprovoked events called epileptic seizures. Electroencephalogram (EEG) is an auxiliary method used to perform both the diagnosis and the monitoring of…

Epilepsy is a common neurological disorder characterized by recurrent seizures accompanied by excessive synchronous brain activity. The process of structural and functional brain alterations leading to increased seizure susceptibility and…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-06-18 Diyuan Lu , Sebastian Bauer , Valentin Neubert , Lara Sophie Costard , Felix Rosenow , Jochen Triesch

Epilepsy is a prevalent neurological disorder characterized by recurrent and unpredictable seizures, necessitating accurate prediction for effective management and patient care. Application of machine learning (ML) on electroencephalogram…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-08-11 Md. Simul Hasan Talukder , Rejwan Bin Sulaiman

The electroencephalography classifier is the most important component of brain-computer interface based systems. There are two major problems hindering the improvement of it. First, traditional methods do not fully exploit multimodal…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-08-07 Chuanqi Tan , Fuchun Sun , Wenchang Zhang

Generative models capture the true distribution of data, yielding semantically rich representations. Denoising diffusion models (DDMs) exhibit superior generative capabilities, though efficient representation learning for them are lacking.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-12 Limai Jiang , Yunpeng Cai

Affective computing with Electroencephalogram (EEG) is a challenging task that requires cumbersome models to effectively learn the information contained in large-scale EEG signals, causing difficulties for real-time smart-device deployment.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-05-04 Guangyi Zhang , Ali Etemad

The Diffusion Probabilistic Model (DPM) has demonstrated remarkable performance across a variety of generative tasks. The inherent randomness in diffusion models helps address issues such as blurring at the edges of medical images and…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-07-25 Yilong Hu , Shijie Chang , Lihe Zhang , Feng Tian , Weibing Sun , Huchuan Lu

Electroencephalography (EEG) interpretation using multimodal large language models (MLLMs) offers a novel approach for analyzing brain signals. However, the complex nature of brain activity introduces critical challenges: EEG signals…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-10-02 Ziyi Zeng , Zhenyang Cai , Yixi Cai , Xidong Wang , Junying Chen , Rongsheng Wang , Yipeng Liu , Siqi Cai , Benyou Wang , Zhiguo Zhang , Haizhou Li

Decoding visual information from electroencephalography (EEG) signals remains a fundamental challenge in brain-computer interfaces and medical rehabilitation. Existing EEG visual decoding methods mainly focus on learning a single global EEG…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-22 Xiang Gao , Hui Tian , Yanming Zhu , Xuefei Yin , Alan Wee-Chung Liew

Electroencephalography (EEG) is commonly used by physicians for the diagnosis of numerous neurological disorders. Due to the large volume of EEGs requiring interpretation and the specific expertise involved, artificial intelligence-based…

Electroencephalography foundation models (EEG-FMs) have advanced brain signal analysis, but the lack of standardized evaluation benchmarks impedes model comparison and scientific progress. Current evaluations rely on inconsistent protocols…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-02-16 Wei Xiong , Jiangtong Li , Jie Li , Kun Zhu , Changjun Jiang

Electroencephalography (EEG) foundation models have recently emerged as a promising paradigm for brain-computer interfaces (BCIs), aiming to learn transferable neural representations from large-scale heterogeneous recordings. Despite rapid…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-06 Dingkun Liu , Yuheng Chen , Zhu Chen , Zhenyao Cui , Yaozhi Wen , Jiayu An , Jingwei Luo , Dongrui Wu

Scalable and generalizable analysis of brain activity is essential for advancing both clinical diagnostics and cognitive research. Electroencephalography (EEG), a non-invasive modality with high temporal resolution, has been widely used for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-01 Sha Zhao , Mingyi Peng , Haiteng Jiang , Tao Li , Shijian Li , Gang Pan

Transformer-based Diffusion Probabilistic Models (DPMs) have shown more potential than CNN-based DPMs, yet their extensive computational requirements hinder widespread practical applications. To reduce the computation budget of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-11-01 Xinwang Chen , Ning Liu , Yichen Zhu , Feifei Feng , Jian Tang

The new perspective in visual classification aims to decode the feature representation of visual objects from human brain activities. Recording electroencephalogram (EEG) from the brain cortex has been seen as a prevalent approach to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-06-30 Xianglin Zheng , Zehong Cao , Quan Bai

Sleep stage classification based on electroencephalography (EEG) is fundamental for assessing sleep quality and diagnosing sleep-related disorders. However, most traditional machine learning methods rely heavily on prior knowledge and…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-11-25 Xihe Qiu , Gengchen Ma , Haoyu Wang , Chen Zhan , Xiaoyu Tan , Shuo Li
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