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Large-scale vision language (VL) models use Transformers to perform cross-modal interactions between the input text and image. These cross-modal interactions are computationally expensive and memory-intensive due to the quadratic complexity…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-05-30 Qingqing Cao , Bhargavi Paranjape , Hannaneh Hajishirzi

The efficiency of large language models (LLMs) is fundamentally limited by their sequential, token-by-token generation process. We argue that overcoming this bottleneck requires a new design axis for LLM scaling: increasing the semantic…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-03 Chenze Shao , Darren Li , Fandong Meng , Jie Zhou

As the basis of generative AI, an autoregressive model requires the generation of a new token depending on all the previously generated tokens, which brings high quality but also restricts the model to generate tokens one by one, forming a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-02 Zixian Huang , Chenxu Niu , Yu Gu , Gengyang Xiao , Xinwei Huang , Gong Cheng

Utilizing transformer architectures for semantic segmentation of high-resolution images is hindered by the attention's quadratic computational complexity in the number of tokens. A solution to this challenge involves decreasing the number…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-05-24 Daniel Kienzle , Marco Kantonis , Robin Schön , Rainer Lienhart

We introduce UGen, a unified autoregressive multimodal model that demonstrates strong performance across text processing, image understanding, and image generation tasks simultaneously. UGen converts both texts and images into discrete…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-28 Hongxuan Tang , Hao Liu , Xinyan Xiao

In this short report, we introduce joint multi-token prediction (JTP), a lightweight modification of standard next-token prediction designed to enrich hidden state representations by jointly predicting multiple future tokens. Unlike…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-31 Kwangjun Ahn , Alex Lamb , John Langford

Autoregressive models, despite their commendable performance in a myriad of generative tasks, face challenges stemming from their inherently sequential structure. Inference on these models, by design, harnesses a temporal dependency, where…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2023-11-06 Jinghan Yao , Nawras Alnaasan , Tian Chen , Aamir Shafi , Hari Subramoni , Dhabaleswar K. , Panda

As large language models (LLMs) become increasingly powerful, the sequential nature of autoregressive generation creates a fundamental throughput bottleneck that limits the practical deployment. While Multi-Token Prediction (MTP) has…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-24 Yuxuan Cai , Xiaozhuan Liang , Xinghua Wang , Jin Ma , Haijin Liang , Jinwen Luo , Xinyu Zuo , Lisheng Duan , Yuyang Yin , Xi Chen

Unified multimodal models have recently shown remarkable gains in both capability and versatility, yet most leading systems are still trained from scratch and require substantial computational resources. In this paper, we show that…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-21 Zeyu Wang , Zilong Chen , Chenhui Gou , Feng Li , Chaorui Deng , Deyao Zhu , Kunchang Li , Weihao Yu , Haoqin Tu , Haoqi Fan , Cihang Xie

Token compression techniques have recently emerged as powerful tools for accelerating Vision Transformer (ViT) inference in computer vision. Due to the quadratic computational complexity with respect to the token sequence length, these…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-15 Phat Nguyen , Ngai-Man Cheung

Video Transformers have become the prevalent solution for various video downstream tasks with superior expressive power and flexibility. However, these video transformers suffer from heavy computational costs induced by the massive number…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-04-02 Joonmyung Choi , Sanghyeok Lee , Jaewon Chu , Minhyuk Choi , Hyunwoo J. Kim

Video Large Language Models (Video LLMs) achieve strong performance on video understanding tasks but suffer from high inference costs due to the large number of visual tokens. We propose KiToke, a training-free, query-agnostic token…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-07 Haifeng Huang , Yang Li

Autoregressive large language models (LLMs) have made remarkable progress in various natural language generation tasks. However, they incur high computation cost and latency resulting from the autoregressive token-by-token generation. To…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-07-07 Luciano Del Corro , Allie Del Giorno , Sahaj Agarwal , Bin Yu , Ahmed Awadallah , Subhabrata Mukherjee

Generating consistent long videos is a complex challenge: while diffusion-based generative models generate visually impressive short clips, extending them to longer durations often leads to memory bottlenecks and long-term inconsistency. In…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-22 Wenqi Ouyang , Zeqi Xiao , Danni Yang , Yifan Zhou , Shuai Yang , Lei Yang , Jianlou Si , Xingang Pan

Diffusion language models offer parallel token generation and inherent bidirectionality, promising more efficient and powerful sequence modeling compared to autoregressive approaches. However, state-of-the-art diffusion models (e.g., Dream…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-10 Zhanqiu Hu , Jian Meng , Yash Akhauri , Mohamed S. Abdelfattah , Jae-sun Seo , Zhiru Zhang , Udit Gupta

Code generation aims to automatically generate code snippets of specific programming language according to natural language descriptions. The continuous advancements in deep learning, particularly pre-trained models, have empowered the code…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-01-24 Zezhou Yang , Sirong Chen , Cuiyun Gao , Zhenhao Li , Xing Hu , Kui Liu , Xin Xia

The attention mechanism in text generation is memory-bounded due to its sequential characteristics. Therefore, off-chip memory accesses should be minimized for faster execution. Although previous methods addressed this by pruning…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2024-07-23 Junyoung Park , Myeonggu Kang , Yunki Han , Yanggon Kim , Jaekang Shin , Lee-Sup Kim

Active learning, a widely adopted technique for enhancing machine learning models in text and image classification tasks with limited annotation resources, has received relatively little attention in the domain of Named Entity Recognition…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-11-03 Haocheng Luo , Wei Tan , Ngoc Dang Nguyen , Lan Du

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) utilizes external knowledge to augment Large Language Models' (LLMs) reliability. For flexibility, agentic RAG employs autonomous, multi-round retrieval and reasoning to resolve queries. Although recent…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-11-10 Chao Zhang , Yuhao Wang , Derong Xu , Haoxin Zhang , Yuanjie Lyu , Yuhao Chen , Shuochen Liu , Tong Xu , Xiangyu Zhao , Yan Gao , Yao Hu , Enhong Chen

Autoregressive (AR) visual generation has achieved remarkable performance but suffers from high memory usage and low throughput, as it requires caching previously generated visual tokens. Recent research has shown that retaining only a few…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-21 Guotao Liang , Baoquan Zhang , Zhiyuan Wen , Yunming Ye
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