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Standard autoregressive language models generate text by repeatedly selecting a discrete next token, coupling prediction with irreversible commitment at every step. We show that token selection is not the only viable autoregressive…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-07 Oshri Naparstek

Recent mesh generation approaches typically tokenize triangle meshes into sequences of tokens and train autoregressive models to generate these tokens sequentially. Despite substantial progress, such token sequences inevitably reuse…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-16 Jeonghwan Kim , Yushi Lan , Armando Fortes , Yongwei Chen , Xingang Pan

Vision Transformers (ViTs) have emerged as powerful backbones in computer vision, outperforming many traditional CNNs. However, their computational overhead, largely attributed to the self-attention mechanism, makes deployment on…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-12-05 Minchul Kim , Shangqian Gao , Yen-Chang Hsu , Yilin Shen , Hongxia Jin

Current auto-regressive models can generate high-quality, topologically precise meshes; however, they necessitate thousands-or even tens of thousands-of next-token predictions during inference, resulting in substantial latency. We introduce…

Graphics · Computer Science 2025-08-07 Dian Chen , Yansong Qu , Xinyang Li , Ming Li , Shengchuan Zhang

We introduce Token Merging (ToMe), a simple method to increase the throughput of existing ViT models without needing to train. ToMe gradually combines similar tokens in a transformer using a general and light-weight matching algorithm that…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-03-03 Daniel Bolya , Cheng-Yang Fu , Xiaoliang Dai , Peizhao Zhang , Christoph Feichtenhofer , Judy Hoffman

Many adaptations of transformers have emerged to address the single-modal vision tasks, where self-attention modules are stacked to handle input sources like images. Intuitively, feeding multiple modalities of data to vision transformers…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-07-18 Yikai Wang , Xinghao Chen , Lele Cao , Wenbing Huang , Fuchun Sun , Yunhe Wang

Writing high-performance code requires significant expertise in the programming language, compiler optimizations, and hardware knowledge. This often leads to poor productivity and portability and is inconvenient for a non-programmer…

Performance · Computer Science 2020-09-01 Ajitesh Srivastava , Naifeng Zhang , Rajgopal Kannan , Viktor K. Prasanna

The landscape of image generation has been forever changed by open vocabulary diffusion models. However, at their core these models use transformers, which makes generation slow. Better implementations to increase the throughput of these…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-03-31 Daniel Bolya , Judy Hoffman

The computational cost of training multimodal large language models (MLLMs) grows rapidly with the number of processed tokens. Existing efficiency methods mainly target inference via token reduction or merging, offering limited benefits…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-30 Chaoyu Li , Yogesh Kulkarni , Pooyan Fazli

Large Multimodal Models (LMMs) have shown significant visual reasoning capabilities by connecting a visual encoder and a large language model. LMMs typically take in a fixed and large amount of visual tokens, such as the penultimate layer…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Yuzhang Shang , Mu Cai , Bingxin Xu , Yong Jae Lee , Yan Yan

To address the increasing need for efficient and accurate content moderation, we propose an efficient and lightweight deep classification ensemble structure. Our approach is based on a combination of simple visual features, designed for…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-09-12 Mohammad Hosseini , Mahmudul Hasan

Inference accounts for the majority of latency and energy consumption in large language model (LLM) deployments, often exceeding 90% of total cost. While training-time efficiency has seen extensive progress, runtime optimization remains a…

Traditional language models operate autoregressively, i.e., they predict one token at a time. Rapid explosion in model sizes has resulted in high inference times. In this work, we propose DynaMo, a suite of multi-token prediction language…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-03 Shikhar Tuli , Chi-Heng Lin , Yen-Chang Hsu , Niraj K. Jha , Yilin Shen , Hongxia Jin

Maintaining robust 3D perception under dynamic and unpredictable test-time conditions remains a critical challenge for autonomous driving systems. Existing test-time adaptation (TTA) methods often fail in high-variance tasks like 3D object…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-23 Huitong Yang , Zhuoxiao Chen , Fengyi Zhang , Zi Huang , Yadan Luo

Autoregressive language models are constrained by their inherently sequential nature, generating one token at a time. This paradigm limits inference speed and parallelism, especially during later stages of generation when the direction and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-17 Mohammad Samragh , Arnav Kundu , David Harrison , Kumari Nishu , Devang Naik , Minsik Cho , Mehrdad Farajtabar

This paper investigates how to efficiently deploy vision transformers on edge devices for small workloads. Recent methods reduce the latency of transformer neural networks by removing or merging tokens, with small accuracy degradation.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-12 Nick John Eliopoulos , Purvish Jajal , James C. Davis , Gaowen Liu , George K. Thiravathukal , Yung-Hsiang Lu

The next-coordinate prediction paradigm has emerged as the de facto standard in current auto-regressive mesh generation methods. Despite their effectiveness, there is no efficient measurement for the various tokenizers that serialize meshes…

Graphics · Computer Science 2025-05-21 Jian Liu , Haohan Weng , Biwen Lei , Xianghui Yang , Zibo Zhao , Zhuo Chen , Song Guo , Tao Han , Chunchao Guo

The quadratic complexity of attention remains the central bottleneck in long-context inference for large language models. Prior acceleration methods either sparsify the attention map with structured patterns or permanently evict tokens at…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-04 Dongwon Jo , Beomseok Kang , Jiwon Song , Jae-Joon Kim

Token-level adaptive computation seeks to reduce inference cost by allocating more computation to harder tokens and less to easier ones. However, prior work is primarily evaluated on natural-language benchmarks using task-level metrics,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Ibraheem Muhammad Moosa , Suhas Lohit , Ye Wang , Moitreya Chatterjee , Wenpeng Yin

In Transformer architectures, tokens\textemdash discrete units derived from raw data\textemdash are formed by segmenting inputs into fixed-length chunks. Each token is then mapped to an embedding, enabling parallel attention computations…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-14 Zhenglun Kong , Yize Li , Fanhu Zeng , Lei Xin , Shvat Messica , Xue Lin , Pu Zhao , Manolis Kellis , Hao Tang , Marinka Zitnik