Related papers: Improper currents in theories with local invarianc…
The ideal incompressible fluid in two dimensions (Euler fluid) evolves at relaxation from turbulent states to highly coherent states of flow. For the case of double spatial periodicity and zero total vorticity it is known that the…
Noether's theorem, that local gauge variations of gauge invariant actions are identically conserved (more tautologically, that gauge variations of gauge invariants vanish) was established a century ago. Its converse, in the geometric…
We propose methods to construct gauge invariant decompositions of the nucleon spin, particularly gauge invariant descriptions of the gluon polarization. We show that gauge invariant decompositions of the nucleon spin can be derived…
Noether's calculus of invariant variations yields exact identities from functional symmetries. The standard application to an action integral allows to identify conservation laws. Here we rather consider generating functionals, such as the…
The nonrelativistic Ward-Takahashi identity, a consequence of local gauge invariance in quantum mechanics, shows the necessity of exchange current contributions in case of nonlocal and/or isospin-dependent potentials. It also implies…
Since the seminal work of Emmy Noether it is well know that all conservations laws in physics, \textrm{e.g.}, conservation of energy or conservation of momentum, are directly related to the invariance of the action under a family of…
The conservation laws of electromagnetism, and implicitly all theories built from quadratic Lagrangians, are extended to a continuum of nonlocal versions. These are associated with symmetries of a class of equal time field correlation…
This paper expounds the relations between continuous symmetries and conserved quantities, i.e. Noether's ``first theorem'', in both the Lagrangian and Hamiltonian frameworks for classical mechanics. This illustrates one of mechanics' grand…
In this work we employ a field theoretical approach to explain the nature of the non-conserved spin current in spintronics. In particular, we consider the usual U(1) gauge theory for the electromagnetism at classical level in order to…
Noether theorem establishes an interesting connection between symmetries of the action integral and conservation laws of a dynamical system. The aim of the present work is to classify the damped harmonic oscillator problem with respect to…
A non-existence theorem of classical electrodynamics in odd-dimensional spacetimes is shown to be invalid. The source of the error is pointed out, and is then demonstrated during the derivation of the fields generated by a uniformly moving…
For finite volume field theories with discrete translational invariance, conserved currents can be additively renormalized by infrared effects. We demonstrate this for pions using chiral perturbation theory coupled to electromagnetism in a…
In 1966, Arnold [1] showed that the Lagrangian flow of ideal incompressible fluids (described by Euler equations) coincide with the geodesic flow on the manifold of volume preserving diffeomorphisms of the fluid domain. Arnold's proof and…
A Lagrangian formulation with nonlocality is investigated in this paper. The nonlocality of the Lagrangian is introduced by a new nonlocal argument that is defined as a nonlocal residual satisfying the zero mean condition. The nonlocal…
The invariants in D=4, N=4 supergravity are discussed up to the three-loop order (where one expects a general R^4 structure). Because there is an anomaly in the rigid SL(2,R) symmetry of this theory, the analysis of possible restrictions on…
Flows of one-dimensional continuum in Lagrangian coordinates are studied in the paper. Equations describing these flows are reduced to a single Euler-Lagrange equation which contains two undefined functions. Particular choices of the…
We study in optimal control the important relation between invariance of the problem under a family of transformations, and the existence of preserved quantities along the Pontryagin extremals. Several extensions of Noether theorem are…
F(R) theory of gravity is claimed to admit a host of conserved currents under the imposition of Noether symmetry following various techniques. However, for a constrained system such as gravity, Noether symmetry is not on-shell. As a result,…
Duality is one of the oldest known symmetries of Maxwell equations. In recent years the significance of duality symmetry has been recognized in superstrings and high energy physics and there has been a renewed interest on the question of…
On the basis of the gauge principle of field theory, a new variational formulation is presented for flows of an ideal fluid. The fluid is defined thermodynamically by mass density and entropy density, and its flow fields are characterized…