Related papers: Improper currents in theories with local invarianc…
An ongoing debate in the first-principles description of conduction in molecular devices concerns the correct definition of current in the presence of non-local potentials. If the physical current density ${\bf j}=(-ie\hbar/2m)(\Psi^*…
A consistent guiding-center Hamiltonian theory is derived by Lie-transform perturbation method, with terms up to second order in magnetic-field nonuniformity. Consistency is demonstrated by showing that the guiding-center transformation…
New Lagrangians, depending on the field strengths and the electric and magnetic sources are found, which lead to the Maxwell equations. One new feature is that the equations of motion are obtained by varying the Lagrangian with respect to…
Being gauge non-invariant, a Chern-Simons (2k-1)-form seen as a Lagrangian of gauge theory on a (2k-1)-dimensional manifold leads to the gauge conservation law of a modified Noether current.
We study the possible stationary persistent supercurrents flowing on a cylindrical sample supporting a two-dimensional charged fluid. The internal dynamics of the fluid is obtained by means of an effective theory in which the fluid…
The connection between symmetries and conservation laws as made by Noether's theorem is extended to the context of causal variational principles and causal fermion systems. Different notions of continuous symmetries are introduced. It is…
It is shown that when the initial particles probability density is discontinuous the emerging currents appear instantaneously, and although the density beyond the discontinuity is initially negligible the currents there have a finite value.…
A simple implementation of Noether's theorem for discrete symmetries in relativistic continuum field theories is presented. The associated conserved current is exemplified by charge conjugation and a cyclic symmetry. In addition, the…
Effective theory arguments are used to derive the most general energy-momentum tensor of a relativistic viscous fluid with an arbitrary equation of state (in the absence of other conserved currents) that is first-order in the derivatives of…
Based on the physical interpretation of the photon continuity equation derived in [M. Hawton, Phys. Rev. A 109, 062221 (2024) ] the standard Lagrangian is second quantized to obtain a Lorentz and gauge invariant theory of single photons.…
Hamiltonian and Lagrangian formulations for the two-dimensional quasi-geostrophic equations linearized about a zonally-symmetric basic flow are presented. The Lagrangian and Hamiltonian exhibit an infinite U(1) symmetry due to the absence…
The first part of this paper develops a geometric setting for differential-difference equations that resolves an open question about the extent to which continuous symmetries can depend on discrete independent variables. For general…
Electricity plays a special role in our lives and life. Equations of electron dynamics are nearly exact and apply from nuclear particles to stars. These Maxwell equations include a special term the displacement current (of vacuum).…
The first article in a two-part series (the second article being [arXiv:2205.13197]) assumes a weak local energy decay estimate holds and proves that solutions to the linear wave equation with variable coefficients in $\mathbb R^{1+3}$,…
In the context of general relativity, both energy and linear momentum constraints lead to the same equation for the evolution of the speed of free localized particles with fixed proper mass and structure in a homogeneous and isotropic…
For any \theta<1/10 we construct periodic weak solutions of the incompressible Euler equations which dissipate the total kinetic energy and are H\"older-continuous with exponent \theta. A famous conjecture of Onsager states the existence of…
Current quantum theories of an elementary free particle assume unitary space inversion and anti-unitary time reversal operators. In so doing robust classes of possible theories are discarded. The present work shows that consistent theories…
We prove two theorems on the vanishing of Ext over commutative Noetherian local rings. Our first theorem shows that there are no Burch ideals which are rigid over non-regular local domains. Our second theorem reformulates a conjecture of…
We discuss the issue of going off-shell in the proper time formalism. This is done by keeping a finite world sheet cutoff. We construct one example of an off-shell covariant Klein Gordon type interaction. For a suitable choice of the gauge…
We consider the issue of correspondence between symmetries and conserved quantities in the class of linear relativistic higher-derivative theories of derived type. In this class of models the wave operator is a polynomial in another…