English
Related papers

Related papers: Estimating Machine Translation Difficulty

200 papers

Neural machine translation is a recently proposed approach to machine translation. Unlike the traditional statistical machine translation, the neural machine translation aims at building a single neural network that can be jointly tuned to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2016-05-23 Dzmitry Bahdanau , Kyunghyun Cho , Yoshua Bengio

The overall translation quality reached by current machine translation (MT) systems for high-resourced language pairs is remarkably good. Standard methods of evaluation are not suitable nor intended to uncover the many translation errors…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-03-11 Vilém Zouhar , Věra Kloudová , Martin Popel , Ondřej Bojar

We introduce a dataset comprising commercial machine translations, gathered weekly over six years across 12 translation directions. Since human A/B testing is commonly used, we assume commercial systems improve over time, which enables us…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-04 Guojun Wu , Shay B. Cohen , Rico Sennrich

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated strong performance in general-purpose machine translation, but their effectiveness in complex, domain-sensitive translation tasks remains underexplored. Recent advancements in Large Reasoning…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Yongshi Ye , Biao Fu , Chongxuan Huang , Yidong Chen , Xiaodong Shi

Machine translation systems are conventionally trained on textual resources that do not model phenomena that occur in spoken language. While the evaluation of neural machine translation systems on textual inputs is actively researched in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-04-26 Nicholas Ruiz , Mattia Antonino Di Gangi , Nicola Bertoldi , Marcello Federico

As strong machine translation (MT) systems are increasingly based on large language models (LLMs), reliable quality benchmarking requires methods that capture their ability to leverage extended context. This study compares two commercial MT…

Large language models (LLMs) have achieved strong performance in general machine translation, yet their ability in culture-aware scenarios remains poorly understood. To bridge this gap, we introduce CanMT, a Culture-Aware Novel-Driven…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Zekun Yuan , Yangfan Ye , Xiaocheng Feng , Baohang Li , Qichen Hong , Yunfei Lu , Dandan Tu , Bing Qin

We present an interactive machine translation (MT) system designed for users who are not proficient in the target language. It aims to improve trustworthiness and explainability by identifying potentially mistranslated words and allowing…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-01 Kenneth J. Sible , David Chiang

By using a trigram model and fine-tuning a pretrained BERT model for sequence classification, we show that machine translation and human translation can be classified with an accuracy above chance level, which suggests that machine…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-05-12 Yingxue Fu , Mark-Jan Nederhof

A confidence measure is able to estimate the reliability of an hypothesis provided by a machine translation system. The problem of confidence measure can be seen as a process of testing : we want to decide whether the most probable sequence…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2009-02-09 Sylvain Raybaud , Caroline Lavecchia , David Langlois , Kamel Smaïli

Automatic machine translation (MT) metrics are widely used to distinguish the translation qualities of machine translation systems across relatively large test sets (system-level evaluation). However, it is unclear if automatic metrics are…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-06-21 Nikita Moghe , Tom Sherborne , Mark Steedman , Alexandra Birch

Resolving semantic ambiguity has long been recognised as a central challenge in the field of Machine Translation. Recent work on benchmarking translation performance on ambiguous sentences has exposed the limitations of conventional Neural…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-24 Vivek Iyer , Pinzhen Chen , Alexandra Birch

Neural Machine Translation (NMT) is a new approach to machine translation that has made great progress in recent years. However, recent studies show that NMT generally produces fluent but inadequate translations (Tu et al. 2016b; Tu et al.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2017-01-02 Xing Wang , Zhengdong Lu , Zhaopeng Tu , Hang Li , Deyi Xiong , Min Zhang

Current Machine Translation systems achieve very good results on a growing variety of language pairs and data sets. However, it is now well known that they produce fluent translation outputs that often can contain important meaning errors.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-06-28 Vibhuti Kumari , Narayana Murthy Kavi

Automatic machine translation metrics typically rely on human translations to determine the quality of system translations. Common wisdom in the field dictates that the human references should be of very high quality. However, there are no…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-11 Vilém Zouhar , Ondřej Bojar

Transformer architectures are increasingly effective at processing and generating very long chunks of texts, opening new perspectives for document-level machine translation (MT). In this work, we challenge the ability of MT systems to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-29 Ziqian Peng , Rachel Bawden , François Yvon

A key challenge in MT evaluation is the inherent noise and inconsistency of human ratings. Regression-based neural metrics struggle with this noise, while prompting LLMs shows promise at system-level evaluation but performs poorly at…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-21 Shaomu Tan , Christof Monz

Machine Translation (MT) has been widely used for cross-lingual classification, either by translating the test set into English and running inference with a monolingual model (translate-test), or translating the training set into the target…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-24 Mikel Artetxe , Vedanuj Goswami , Shruti Bhosale , Angela Fan , Luke Zettlemoyer

We leverage generative large language models for language learning applications, focusing on estimating the difficulty of foreign language texts and simplifying them to lower difficulty levels. We frame both tasks as prediction problems and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-26 Henri Jamet , Yash Raj Shrestha , Michalis Vlachos

In this paper, we describe our approach for the SemEval 2025 Task 2 on Entity-Aware Machine Translation (EA-MT). Our system aims to improve the accuracy of translating named entities by combining two key approaches: Retrieval Augmented…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-17 Jaebok Lee , Yonghyun Ryu , Seongmin Park , Yoonjung Choi