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Recent advances in reinforcement learning from human feedback (RLHF) and preference optimization have substantially improved the usability, coherence, and safety of large language models. However, recurring behaviors such as performative…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-13 William Parris

In real-world recommender systems, user-item interactions are Missing Not At Random (MNAR), as interactions with popular items are more frequently observed than those with less popular ones. Missing observations shift recommendations toward…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-12-25 Kazuma Onishi , Katsuhiko Hayashi , Hidetaka Kamigaito

Recent advancements in Natural Language Processing (NLP) have led to the development of NLP-based recommender systems that have shown superior performance. However, current models commonly treat items as mere IDs and adopt discriminative…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2023-04-11 Jinming Li , Wentao Zhang , Tian Wang , Guanglei Xiong , Alan Lu , Gerard Medioni

Many existing industrial recommender systems are sensitive to the patterns of user-item engagement. Light users, who interact less frequently, correspond to a data sparsity problem, making it difficult for the system to accurately learn and…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-08-08 Hanjia Lyu , Hanqing Zeng , Yinglong Xia , Ren Chen , Jiebo Luo

Preference-based Reinforcement Learning (PbRL) entails a variety of approaches for aligning models with human intent to alleviate the burden of reward engineering. However, most previous PbRL work has not investigated the robustness to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-17 Sara Rajaram , R. James Cotton , Fabian H. Sinz

Offline policy improvement faces an inherent conflict between maximizing value and fitting the data distribution. While in-sample weighted regression is stable, it suffers from over-conservatism that suppresses high-value actions in the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-28 Jiaxin Zhao , Weihang Pan , Xun Liang , Binbin Lin

Large scale recommender models find most relevant items from huge catalogs, and they play a critical role in modern search and recommendation systems. To model the input space with large-vocab categorical features, a typical recommender…

We present Machine Assistant with Reliable Knowledge (MARK), a retrieval-augmented question-answering system designed to support student learning through accurate and contextually grounded responses. The system is built on a…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-07-01 Yongsheng Lian

Recently, substantial research has been conducted on sequential recommendation, with the objective of forecasting the subsequent item by leveraging a user's historical sequence of interacted items. Prior studies employ both capsule networks…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-05-01 Zhikai Wang , Yanyan Shen

Recommendation models are predominantly trained using implicit user feedback, since explicit feedback is often costly to obtain. However, implicit feedback, such as clicks, does not always reflect users' real preferences. For example, a…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-10-06 Mengchen Zhao , Yifan Gao , Yaqing Hou , Xiangyang Li , Pengjie Gu , Zhenhua Dong , Ruiming Tang , Yi Cai

Generative retrieval introduces a groundbreaking paradigm to document retrieval by directly generating the identifier of a pertinent document in response to a specific query. This paradigm has demonstrated considerable benefits and…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-10-28 Mingming Li , Huimu Wang , Zuxu Chen , Guangtao Nie , Yiming Qiu , Guoyu Tang , Lin Liu , Jingwei Zhuo

Conversational Recommender Systems (CRSs) aim to provide personalized recommendations by interacting with users through conversations. Most existing studies of CRS focus on extracting user preferences from conversational contexts. However,…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-04-28 Yibiao Wei , Jie Zou , Weikang Guo , Guoqing Wang , Xing Xu , Yang Yang

Formulating information retrieval as a variant of generative modeling, specifically using autoregressive models to generate relevant identifiers for a given query, has recently attracted considerable attention. However, its application to…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-10-23 Changjiang Zhou , Ruqing Zhang , Jiafeng Guo , Yu-An Liu , Fan Zhang , Ganyuan Luo , Xueqi Cheng

Sequential recommender systems have demonstrated strong capabilities in modeling users' dynamic preferences and capturing item transition patterns. However, real-world user behaviors are often noisy due to factors such as human errors,…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-04-13 Kaike Zhang , Qi Cao , Fei Sun , Xinran Liu , Huawei Shen , Xueqi Cheng

Recommender systems play a crucial role in internet economies by connecting users with relevant products. However, designing effective recommender systems faces the key challenges: the exploration-exploitation tradeoff in securing incentive…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Yuantong Li , Guang Cheng , Xiaowu Dai

Understanding how different AI models encode the same high-level concepts, such as objects or attributes, remains challenging because each model typically produces its own isolated representation. Existing interpretability methods like…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-09 Ali Nasiri-Sarvi , Hassan Rivaz , Mahdi S. Hosseini

Recent deep sequential recommendation models often struggle to effectively model key characteristics of user behaviors, particularly in handling sequence length variations and capturing diverse interaction patterns. We propose STAR-Rec, a…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-05-07 Maolin Wang , Sheng Zhang , Ruocheng Guo , Wanyu Wang , Xuetao Wei , Zitao Liu , Hongzhi Yin , Yi Chang , Xiangyu Zhao

Skyline queries have been widely used as a practical tool for multi-criteria decision analysis and for applications involving preference queries. For example, in a typical online retail application, skyline queries can help customers select…

Databases · Computer Science 2015-03-19 Anastasios Arvanitis , Antonios Deligiannakis

Information retrieval (IR) and recommender systems (RS) have been employed for addressing search tasks executed during literature review and the overall scholarly communication lifecycle. Majority of the studies have concentrated on…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2016-09-07 Aravind Sesagiri Raamkumar , Schubert Foo , Natalie Pang

Reward modeling is central to alignment pipelines such as RLHF, RLAIF, and PPO-based policy optimization, yet its reliability is constrained by limited and heterogeneous human preference data that are expensive to collect at scale. While…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Payel Bhattacharjee , Osvaldo Simeone , Ravi Tandon