English

SPAR: Support-Preserving Action Rectification

Machine Learning 2026-05-28 v1 Artificial Intelligence

Abstract

Offline policy improvement faces an inherent conflict between maximizing value and fitting the data distribution. While in-sample weighted regression is stable, it suffers from over-conservatism that suppresses high-value actions in the distribution tail; conversely, gradient-based approaches often exhibit a fitting-optimization conflict of gradients, which drives the policy off the data manifold. To address this, we propose Support-Preserving Action Rectification (SPAR), which reframes global learning as a local residual rectification anchored to a frozen pure behavior cloning policy. This framework performs fine-grained fitting and local policy improvement in the residual space, thereby contracting the search space. We further introduce Latent Self-Imitation, utilizing a latent-sampling weighted-regression mechanism to address fitting-improvement gradient conflict in the residual space. Theoretically, we prove this mechanism eliminates the manifold-normal drift of standard value gradients, while extensive D4RL experiments show SPAR extracts significant gains from suboptimal baselines to achieve state-of-the-art performance.

Keywords

Cite

@article{arxiv.2605.27877,
  title  = {SPAR: Support-Preserving Action Rectification},
  author = {Jiaxin Zhao and Weihang Pan and Xun Liang and Binbin Lin},
  journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2605.27877},
  year   = {2026}
}