English
Related papers

Related papers: Behavioural Theory of Reflective Algorithms II: Re…

200 papers

We consider a Reinforcement Learning setup where an agent interacts with an environment in observation-reward-action cycles without any (esp.\ MDP) assumptions on the environment. State aggregation and more generally feature reinforcement…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2014-07-15 Marcus Hutter

The behavioral dynamics of multi-agent systems have a rich and orderly structure, which can be leveraged to understand these systems, and to improve how artificial agents learn to operate in them. Here we introduce Relational Forward Models…

As AI systems take on collaborative roles, they must reason about shared goals and beliefs-not just generate fluent language. The Rational Speech Act (RSA) framework offers a principled approach to pragmatic reasoning, but existing…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-23 Lautaro Estienne , Gabriel Ben Zenou , Nona Naderi , Jackie Cheung , Pablo Piantanida

Single-step retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) provides an efficient way to incorporate external information for simple question answering tasks but struggles with complex questions. Agentic RAG extends this paradigm by replacing…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-08 Yijia Zheng , Marcel Worring

Recursive Neural Networks are non-linear adaptive models that are able to learn deep structured information. However, these models have not yet been broadly accepted. This fact is mainly due to its inherent complexity. In particular, not…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2009-11-18 Alejandro Chinea

The advancement of Large Language Models (LLMs) has spurred significant interest in Role-Playing Agents (RPAs) for applications such as emotional companionship and virtual interaction. However, recent RPAs are often built on explicit…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-03 Yihong Tang , Kehai Chen , Muyun Yang , Zhengyu Niu , Jing Li , Tiejun Zhao , Min Zhang

We propose a novel approach to the statistical analysis of stochastic simulation models and, especially, agent-based models (ABMs). Our main goal is to provide fully automated, model-independent and tool-supported techniques and algorithms…

General Economics · Economics 2023-11-09 Andrea Vandin , Daniele Giachini , Francesco Lamperti , Francesca Chiaromonte

Autonomous robots need to be able to adapt to unforeseen situations and to acquire new skills through trial and error. Reinforcement learning in principle offers a suitable methodological framework for this kind of autonomous learning.…

Robotics · Computer Science 2016-08-02 Nikolas J. Hemion

Active automata learning (AAL) is a method to infer state machines by interacting with black-box systems. Adaptive AAL aims to reduce the sample complexity of AAL by incorporating domain specific knowledge in the form of (similar) reference…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2024-07-01 Loes Kruger , Sebastian Junges , Jurriaan Rot

Language-guided robots must be able to both ask humans questions and understand answers. Much existing work focuses only on the latter. In this paper, we go beyond instruction following and introduce a two-agent task where one agent…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-10-07 Homero Roman Roman , Yonatan Bisk , Jesse Thomason , Asli Celikyilmaz , Jianfeng Gao

Reasoning requires going beyond pattern matching or memorization of solutions to identify and implement "algorithmic procedures" that can be used to deduce answers to hard problems. Doing so requires realizing the most relevant primitives,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-03 Yuxiao Qu , Anikait Singh , Yoonho Lee , Amrith Setlur , Ruslan Salakhutdinov , Chelsea Finn , Aviral Kumar

Realtime environments change even as agents perform action inference and learning, thus requiring high interaction frequencies to effectively minimize regret. However, recent advances in machine learning involve larger neural networks with…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-20 Matthew Riemer , Gopeshh Subbaraj , Glen Berseth , Irina Rish

We introduce algebraic machine reasoning, a new reasoning framework that is well-suited for abstract reasoning. Effectively, algebraic machine reasoning reduces the difficult process of novel problem-solving to routine algebraic…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-03-22 Jingyi Xu , Tushar Vaidya , Yufei Wu , Saket Chandra , Zhangsheng Lai , Kai Fong Ernest Chong

As a core cognitive skill that enables the transferability of information across domains, analogical reasoning has been extensively studied for both humans and computational models. However, while cognitive theories of analogy often focus…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-09-05 Zhivar Sourati , Filip Ilievski , Pia Sommerauer , Yifan Jiang

In arbitrary-order language models, it is an open question how to sample tokens in parallel from the correct joint distribution. With discrete diffusion models, the more tokens they generate in parallel, the less their predicted…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-30 Gabe Guo , Stefano Ermon

Recently, various auxiliary tasks have been proposed to accelerate representation learning and improve sample efficiency in deep reinforcement learning (RL). However, existing auxiliary tasks do not take the characteristics of RL problems…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-02-23 Guoqing Liu , Chuheng Zhang , Li Zhao , Tao Qin , Jinhua Zhu , Jian Li , Nenghai Yu , Tie-Yan Liu

Although preference optimization methods have improved reasoning performance in Large Language Models (LLMs), they often lack transparency regarding why one reasoning outcome is preferred over another. This limitation is especially critical…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Jiazheng Li , Yuxiang Zhou , Junru Lu , Gladys Tyen , Lin Gui , Cesare Aloisi , Yulan He

Neural systems are well known for their ability to learn and store information as memories. Even more impressive is their ability to abstract these memories to create complex internal representations, enabling advanced functions such as the…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2024-09-20 Lindsay M. Smith , Jason Z. Kim , Zhixin Lu , Dani S. Bassett

Retrieval-Augmented Neural Machine Translation (RAMT) architectures retrieve examples from memory to guide the generation process. While most works in this trend explore new ways to exploit the retrieved examples, the upstream retrieval…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-04 Maxime Bouthors , Josep Crego , Francois Yvon

What happens when a language model thinks without words? Standard reasoning LLMs verbalize intermediate steps as chain-of-thought; latent reasoning transformers (LRTs) instead perform deliberation entirely in continuous hidden space. We…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Jasmine Cui , Charles Ye