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Quantum supervised learning, utilizing variational circuits, stands out as a promising technology for NISQ devices due to its efficiency in hardware resource utilization during the creation of quantum feature maps and the implementation of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-11-15 Anton Simen Albino , Rodrigo Bloot , Otto M. Pires , Erick G. S. Nascimento

A hybrid quantum-classical method for learning Boltzmann machines (BM) for a generative and discriminative task is presented. Boltzmann machines are undirected graphs with a network of visible and hidden nodes where the former is used as…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-07-21 Siddhartha Srivastava , Veera Sundararaghavan

Variational Quantum Eigensolver (VQE) algorithms suffer from barren plateaus, where gradients vanish with system size and circuit depth. Although many mitigation strategies exist, their connection to convergence performance under different…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-12-15 Mostafa Atallah , Nouhaila Innan , Muhammad Kashif , Muhammad Shafique

Estimating the ground-state energy of Hamiltonians is a fundamental task for which it is believed that quantum computers can be helpful. Several approaches have been proposed toward this goal, including algorithms based on quantum phase…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-11-26 Dhrumil Patel , Daniel Koch , Saahil Patel , Mark M. Wilde

Hybrid algorithms that combine quantum and classical resources have become commonplace in quantum computing. The variational quantum eigensolver (VQE) is routinely used to solve prototype problems. Currently, hybrid algorithms use no more…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-08-27 Manpreet Singh Jattana

Variational quantum algorithms (VQAs) are hybrid quantum-classical approaches used for tackling a wide range of problems on noisy intermediate-scale quantum (NISQ) devices. Testing these algorithms on relevant hardware is crucial to…

Variational quantum algorithms (VQAs) have emerged as the leading strategy to obtain quantum advantage on the current noisy intermediate-scale devices. However, their entanglement-trainability correlation, as the major reason for the barren…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-05-07 Shikun Zhang , Yang Zhou , Zheng Qin , Rui Li , Chunxiao Du , Zhisong Xiao , Yongyou Zhang

In the search for quantum advantage with near-term quantum devices, navigating the optimization landscape is significantly hampered by the barren plateaus phenomenon. This study presents a strategy to overcome this obstacle without changing…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-03-11 Yuhan Yao , Yoshihiko Hasegawa

The prevalence of variational methods in near-term quantum computing makes optimizer choice critical, yet selection is frequently intuition-based. We therefore present a systematic benchmark of eight classical optimization algorithms for…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-01-23 S. Illésová , V. Novák , T. Bezděk , C. Possel , M. Beseda

Variational Quantum optimization algorithms, such as the Variational Quantum Eigensolver (VQE) or the Quantum Approximate Optimization Algorithm (QAOA), are among the most studied quantum algorithms. In our work, we evaluate and improve an…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-10-24 David Winderl , Nicola Franco , Jeanette Miriam Lorenz

Variational quantum algorithms (VQAs) represent a promising approach to utilizing current quantum computing infrastructures. VQAs are based on a parameterized quantum circuit optimized in a closed loop via a classical algorithm. This hybrid…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-04-10 David Fitzek , Robert S. Jonsson , Werner Dobrautz , Christian Schäfer

In the context of quantum information, highly nonlinear regimes, such as those supporting solitons, are marginally investigated. We miss general methods for quantum solitons, although they can act as entanglement generators or as…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-08-31 Claudio Conti

Adaptive ansatz construction has emerged as a powerful technique for reducing circuit depth and improving optimization efficiency in variational quantum eigensolvers. However, existing adaptive methods, including ADAPT-VQE, rely solely on…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-12 Mohammad Aamir Sohail , Toshiaki Koike-Akino

The performance of variational quantum algorithms relies on the success of using quantum and classical computing resources in tandem. Here, we study how these quantum and classical components interrelate. In particular, we focus on…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-09-08 Juneseo Lee , Alicia B. Magann , Herschel A. Rabitz , Christian Arenz

Quantum Boltzmann machines (QBMs) are generative models with potential advantages in quantum machine learning, yet their training is fundamentally limited by the barren plateau problem, where gradients vanish exponentially with system size.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-06 Takeshi Kimura , Kohtaro Kato , Masahito Hayashi

Variational Quantum Algorithms (VQAs) are becoming the primary computational primitive for next-generation quantum computers, particularly those embedded as resource-constrained accelerators in the emerging Quantum Internet of Things…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-12-05 Ratun Rahman , Dinh C. Nguyen

Parameter shift rules (PSRs) are key techniques for efficient gradient estimation in variational quantum eigensolvers (VQEs). In this paper, we propose its Bayesian variant, where Gaussian processes with appropriate kernels are used to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-07 Samuele Pedrielli , Christopher J. Anders , Lena Funcke , Karl Jansen , Kim A. Nicoli , Shinichi Nakajima

Ansatz selection is a key factor in the performance of variational quantum algorithms (VQAs). While much of the state-of-the-art still relies on heuristic choices, an inadequate circuit structure can compromise both the expressive power and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-24 Rodrigo M. Sanz , Andreu Angles-Castillo , Eduard Alarcon , Carmen G Almudever

Variational quantum algorithms have emerged as a leading paradigm that extracts practical computation from near-term intermediate-scale quantum devices, enabling advances in quantum chemistry simulations, combinatorial optimization, and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-02-24 Manish Mallapur , Ronit Raj , Ankur Raina

Variational quantum algorithms are expected to demonstrate the advantage of quantum computing on near-term noisy quantum computers. However, training such variational quantum algorithms suffers from gradient vanishing as the size of the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-11-30 Anbang Wu , Gushu Li , Yuke Wang , Boyuan Feng , Yufei Ding , Yuan Xie