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Autonomous driving systems (ADS) have achieved remarkable progress in recent years. However, ensuring their safety and reliability remains a critical challenge due to the complexity and uncertainty of driving scenarios. In this paper, we…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-12-19 Huiwen Yang , Yu Zhou , Taolue Chen

Perception systems in modern autonomous driving vehicles typically take inputs from complementary multi-modal sensors, e.g., LiDAR and cameras. However, in real-world applications, sensor corruptions and failures lead to inferior…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-04-20 Chongjian Ge , Junsong Chen , Enze Xie , Zhongdao Wang , Lanqing Hong , Huchuan Lu , Zhenguo Li , Ping Luo

Autonomous driving systems (ADS) are safety-critical and require rigorous testing before public deployment. Simulation-based scenario testing provides a safe and cost-effective alternative to extensive on-road trials, enabling efficient…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-02-19 Siyuan Chen , Fuyuan Zhang , Hua Qi , Lei Ma , Tomoyuki Tsuchiya , Michio Hayashi , Manabu Okada

Trajectory prediction is a key element of autonomous vehicle systems, enabling them to anticipate and react to the movements of other road users. Evaluating the robustness of prediction models against adversarial attacks is essential to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-12 Julian F. Schumann , Jeroen Hagenus , Frederik Baymler Mathiesen , Arkady Zgonnikov

Autonomous driving technologies have achieved significant advances in recent years, yet their real-world deployment remains constrained by data scarcity, safety requirements, and the need for generalization across diverse environments. In…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-06 A. Humnabadkar , A. Sikdar , B. Cave , H. Zhang , N. Bessis , A. Behera

Adversarial training (AT) is a prominent technique employed by deep learning models to defend against adversarial attacks, and to some extent, enhance model robustness. However, there are three main drawbacks of the existing AT-based…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-03-31 X. Peng , D. Zhou , G. Sun , J. Shi , L. Wu

Test and evaluation is a necessary process for ensuring that engineered systems perform as intended under a variety of conditions, both expected and unexpected. In this work, we consider the unique challenges of developing a unifying test…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-01-21 Erin Lanus , Ivan Hernandez , Adam Dachowicz , Laura Freeman , Melanie Grande , Andrew Lang , Jitesh H. Panchal , Anthony Patrick , Scott Welch

This study explores the complexities of integrating Artificial Intelligence (AI) into Autonomous Vehicles (AVs), examining the challenges introduced by AI components and the impact on testing procedures, focusing on some of the essential…

The evolution of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and its subset Deep Learning (DL), has profoundly impacted numerous domains, including autonomous driving. The integration of autonomous driving in military settings reduces human casualties and…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2025-06-26 Murat Arda Onsu , Poonam Lohan , Burak Kantarci

As automation in the field of automated driving (AD) progresses, ensuring the safety and functionality of AD functions (ADFs) becomes crucial. Virtual scenario-based testing has emerged as a prevalent method for evaluating these systems,…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-06-25 Daniel Becker , Sanath Konthala , Lutz Eckstein

Self-driving cars have the potential to revolutionize transportation, but ensuring their safety remains a significant challenge. These systems must navigate a variety of unexpected scenarios on the road, and their complexity poses…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-07-09 Tony Zhang , Burak Kantarci , Umair Siddique

This research paper delves into the field of autonomous vehicle technology, examining the vulnerabilities inherent in each component of these transformative vehicles. Autonomous vehicles (AVs) are revolutionizing transportation by…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-05-06 Ian Alexis Wong Paz , Anuvinda Balan , Sebastian Campos , Ehud Orenstain , Sudip Dhakal

Monocular Depth Estimation (MDE) plays a vital role in applications such as autonomous driving. However, various attacks target MDE models, with physical attacks posing significant threats to system security. Traditional adversarial…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-06-21 Zhiyuan Cheng , Cheng Han , James Liang , Qifan Wang , Xiangyu Zhang , Dongfang Liu

Efficient scalability of automated driving (AD) is key to reducing costs, enhancing safety, conserving resources, and maximizing impact. However, research focuses on specific vehicles and context, while broad deployment requires scalability…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-07-25 Lars Ullrich , Michael Buchholz , Jonathan Petit , Klaus Dietmayer , Knut Graichen

High-speed cruising scenarios with mixed traffic greatly challenge the road safety of autonomous vehicles (AVs). Unlike existing works that only look at fundamental modules in isolation, this work enhances AV safety in mixed-traffic…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-04-24 Jinhao Liang , Kaidi Yang , Chaopeng Tan , Jinxiang Wang , Guodong Yin

Environment sensing and fusion via onboard sensors are envisioned to be widely applied in future autonomous driving networks. This paper considers a vehicular system with multiple self-driving vehicles that is assisted by multi-access edge…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-26 Xueyao Zhang , Bo Yang , Xuelin Cao , Zhiwen Yu , George C. Alexandropoulos , Yan Zhang , Merouane Debbah , Chau Yuen

Pioneering advancements in artificial intelligence, especially in genAI, have enabled significant possibilities for content creation, but also led to widespread misinformation and false content. The growing sophistication and realism of…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-11-14 Dinesh Srivasthav P , Badri Narayan Subudhi

Due to the complexity of the natural world, a programmer cannot foresee all possible situations, a connected and autonomous vehicle (CAV) will face during its operation, and hence, CAVs will need to learn to make decisions autonomously. Due…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2018-08-24 Varuna De Silva , Xiongzhao Wang , Deniz Aladagli , Ahmet Kondoz , Erhan Ekmekcioglu

Autonomous vehicles in interactive traffic environments are often limited by the scarcity of safety-critical tail events in static datasets, which biases learned policies toward average-case behaviors and reduces robustness. Existing…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-04-10 Yicheng Guo , Jiaqi Liu , Chengkai Xu , Peng Hang , Jian Sun

Agentic UAVs represent a new frontier in autonomous aerial intelligence, integrating perception, decision-making, memory, and collaborative planning to operate adaptively in complex, real-world environments. Driven by recent advances in…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-06-11 Ranjan Sapkota , Konstantinos I. Roumeliotis , Manoj Karkee