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Related papers: R-Zero: Self-Evolving Reasoning LLM from Zero Data

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Contemporary progress in large language models (LLMs) has revealed notable inferential capacities via reinforcement learning (RL) employing verifiable reward, facilitating the development of O1 and R1-like reasoning models. Directly…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-21 Zexu Sun , Yongcheng Zeng , Erxue Min , Heyang Gao , Bokai Ji , Xu Chen

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities on various tasks, while the further evolvement is limited to the lack of high-quality training data. In addition, traditional training approaches rely too much on…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-14 Peidong Wang , Ming Wang , Zhiming Ma , Xiaocui Yang , Shi Feng , Daling Wang , Yifei Zhang , Kaisong Song

Reinforcement learning with verifiable rewards improves reasoning in large language models (LLMs), but many methods still rely on large human-labeled datasets. While self-play reduces this dependency, it often lacks explicit planning and…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-18 Yulin Peng , Xinxin Zhu , Chenxing Wei , Nianbo Zeng , Leilei Wang , Ying Tiffany He , F. Richard Yu

Ultra-long generation by large language models (LLMs) is a widely demanded scenario, yet it remains a significant challenge due to their maximum generation length limit and overall quality degradation as sequence length increases. Previous…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-09 Yuhao Wu , Yushi Bai , Zhiqiang Hu , Roy Ka-Wei Lee , Juanzi Li

Self-evolving LLMs excel in verifiable domains but struggle in open-ended tasks, where reliance on proxy LLM judges introduces capability bottlenecks and reward hacking. To overcome this, we introduce G-Zero, a verifier-free,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Chengsong Huang , Haolin Liu , Tong Zheng , Runpeng Dai , Langlin Huang , Jinyuan Li , Zongxia Li , Zhepei Wei , Yu Meng , Jiaxin Huang

Code generation is important in software engineering, and Reinforcement Learning with Verifiable Rewards (RLVR) is a powerful paradigm to improve it through execution-based feedback. However, most RLVR pipelines rely on human-curated tests,…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-04-10 Lishui Fan , Mouxiang Chen , Tingwei Zhu , Kui Liu , Xin Xia , Shanping Li , Zhongxin Liu

While reinforcement learning with verifiable rewards (RLVR) is effective to improve the reasoning ability of large language models (LLMs), its reliance on human-annotated labels leads to the scaling up dilemma, especially for complex tasks.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Zizhuo Zhang , Jianing Zhu , Xinmu Ge , Zihua Zhao , Zhanke Zhou , Xuan Li , Xiao Feng , Jiangchao Yao , Bo Han

Recent studies have demonstrated the effectiveness of LLM test-time scaling. However, existing approaches to incentivize LLMs' deep thinking abilities generally require large-scale data or significant training efforts. Meanwhile, it remains…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-19 Ruotian Ma , Peisong Wang , Cheng Liu , Xingyan Liu , Jiaqi Chen , Bang Zhang , Xin Zhou , Nan Du , Jia Li

We introduce Reasoning Core, a new scalable environment for Reinforcement Learning with Verifiable Rewards (RLVR), designed to advance foundational symbolic reasoning in Large Language Models (LLMs). Unlike existing benchmarks that focus on…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-09-23 Valentin Lacombe , Valentin Quesnel , Damien Sileo

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable progress in complex reasoning tasks through both post-training and test-time scaling laws. While prevalent test-time scaling approaches are often realized by using external reward…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-31 Fuxiang Zhang , Jiacheng Xu , Chaojie Wang , Ce Cui , Yang Liu , Bo An

Recent studies increasingly explore Large Language Models (LLMs) as a new paradigm for recommendation systems due to their scalability and world knowledge. However, existing work has three key limitations: (1) most efforts focus on…

Recent advances in large language model (LLM) reasoning through reinforcement learning rely on annotated datasets for verifiable rewards, which may limit models' ability to surpass human-level performance. While self-play offers a promising…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-01 Wai-Chung Kwan , Joshua Ong Jun Leang , Pavlos Vougiouklis , Jeff Z. Pan , Marco Valentino , Pasquale Minervini

Can a model learn to escape its own learning plateau? Reinforcement learning methods for finetuning large reasoning models stall on datasets with low initial success rates, and thus little training signal. We investigate a fundamental…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-09 Shobhita Sundaram , John Quan , Ariel Kwiatkowski , Kartik Ahuja , Yann Ollivier , Julia Kempe

Reinforcement learning with verifiable rewards (RLVR) enhances the reasoning of large language models (LLMs), but standard RLVR often depends on human-annotated answers or carefully curated reward specifications. In machine-checkable…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-29 Xinjie Chen , Biao Fu , Jing Wu , Guoxin Chen , Xinggao Liu , Dayiheng Liu , Minpeng Liao

We study self-rewarding reasoning large language models (LLMs), which can simultaneously generate step-by-step reasoning and evaluate the correctness of their outputs during the inference time-without external feedback. This integrated…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-02-28 Wei Xiong , Hanning Zhang , Chenlu Ye , Lichang Chen , Nan Jiang , Tong Zhang

Current large language models (LLMs) are constrained by human-derived training data and limited by a single level of abstraction that impedes definitive truth judgments. This paper introduces a novel framework in which AI models…

Reinforcement learning (RL) has recently demonstrated strong potential in enhancing the reasoning capabilities of large language models (LLMs). Particularly, the "Zero" reinforcement learning introduced by Deepseek-R1-Zero, enables direct…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-10 Xueguang Ma , Qian Liu , Dongfu Jiang , Ge Zhang , Zejun Ma , Wenhu Chen

Recent advancements in large language models (LLMs) demonstrate exceptional Chinese text processing capabilities, particularly in Chinese Spelling Correction (CSC). While LLMs outperform traditional BERT-based models in accuracy and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-15 Sophie Zhang , Zhiming Lin

Large Language Models (LLMs) have achieved remarkable capabilities, yet their improvement methods remain fundamentally constrained by human design. We present Self-Developing, a framework that enables LLMs to autonomously discover,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-11 Yoichi Ishibashi , Taro Yano , Masafumi Oyamada

Large language models (LLMs) have recently shown strong reasoning abilities in domains like mathematics, coding, and scientific problem-solving, yet their potential for ranking tasks, where prime examples include retrieval, recommender…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-10-17 Tao Feng , Zhigang Hua , Zijie Lei , Yan Xie , Shuang Yang , Bo Long , Jiaxuan You