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As language-based AI systems become more anthropomorphic, the question of whether they can have subjective experience is increasingly pressing. I focus here on the tractability of research questions in the space of AI consciousness. I argue…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2026-05-11 Iulia-Maria Comsa

Whether current or near-term AI systems could be conscious is a topic of scientific interest and increasing public concern. This report argues for, and exemplifies, a rigorous and empirically grounded approach to AI consciousness: assessing…

We here analyse the question of developing artificial consciousness from an evolutionary perspective, taking the evolution of the human brain and its relation with consciousness as a reference model. This kind of analysis reveals several…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2024-07-30 Michele Farisco , Kathinka Evers , Jean-Pierre Changeux

Could artificial intelligence ever become truly conscious in a functional sense; this paper explores that open-ended question through the lens of Life, a concept unifying classical biological criteria (Oxford, NASA, Koshland) with empirical…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-02-10 Azadeh Alavi , Hossein Akhoundi , Fatemeh Kouchmeshki

Recent advances in artificial intelligence (AI) have achieved human-scale speed and accuracy for classification tasks. In turn, these capabilities have made AI a viable replacement for many human activities that at their core involve…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-05-24 Hadi Esmaeilzadeh , Reza Vaezi

Developments in machine learning and computing power suggest that artificial general intelligence is within reach. This raises the question of artificial consciousness: if a computer were to be functionally equivalent to a human, being able…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-03-04 Graham Findlay , William Marshall , Larissa Albantakis , Isaac David , William GP Mayner , Christof Koch , Giulio Tononi

The encounter of artificial intelligence with consciousness research is often framed as a challenge: could this science determine whether such systems are conscious? We suggest it is equally an opportunity to expand and test the scope of…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2025-09-16 Shahar Dror , Dafna Bergerbest , Moti Salti

This paper critically assesses the anti-functionalist stance on consciousness adopted by certain advocates of integrated information theory (IIT), a corollary of which is that human-level artificial intelligence implemented on conventional…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2015-09-08 Murray Shanahan

A widely accepted definition of intelligence in the context of Artificial Intelligence (AI) still eludes us. Due to our exceedingly rapid development of AI paradigms, architectures, and tools, the prospect of naturally arising AI…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-07-10 Ira Wolfson

Recent debates on artificial intelligence increasingly emphasise questions of AI consciousness and moral status, yet there remains little agreement on how such properties should be evaluated. In this paper, we argue that awareness offers a…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-22 Nadine Meertens , Suet Lee , Ophelia Deroy

This study quantitively examines which features of AI-generated text lead humans to perceive subjective consciousness in large language model (LLM)-based AI systems. Drawing on 99 passages from conversations with Claude 3 Opus and focusing…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-12-10 Bongsu Kang , Jundong Kim , Tae-Rim Yun , Hyojin Bae , Chang-Eop Kim

Ever since the creation of the first artificial intelligence (AI) machinery built on machine learning (ML), public society has entertained the idea that eventually computers could become sentient and develop a consciousness of their own. As…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-01-16 Yoshija Walter , Lukas Zbinden

This is a proof of the strong AI hypothesis, i.e. that machines can be conscious. It is a phenomenological proof that pattern-recognition and subjective consciousness are the same activity in different terms. Therefore, it proves that…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2016-06-30 Ray Van De Walker

As artificially intelligent systems become more anthropomorphic and pervasive, and their potential impact on humanity more urgent, discussions about the possibility of machine consciousness have significantly intensified, and it is…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2024-05-01 Nur Aizaan Anwar , Cosmin Badea

The Hard Problem of consciousness has been dismissed as an illusion. By showing that computers are capable of experiencing, we show that they are at least rudimentarily conscious with potential to eventually reach superconsciousness. The…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2017-12-13 Roman V. Yampolskiy

The pursuit of artificial intelligence has long been associated to the the challenge of effectively measuring intelligence. Even if the Turing Test was introduced as a means of assessing a system intelligence, its relevance and application…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-07-23 Lavinia Hriscu , Alberto Sanfeliu , Anais Garrell

Human consciousness is still a concept hard to define with current scientific understanding. Although Large Language Models (LLMs) have recently demonstrated significant advancements across various domains including translation and…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-15 Sang Hun Kim , Jongmin Lee , Dongkyu Park , So Young Lee , Yosep Chong

There is a general concern that present developments in artificial intelligence (AI) research will lead to sentient AI systems, and these may pose an existential threat to humanity. But why cannot sentient AI systems benefit humanity…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-02-18 Parashar Das

Could an AI have conscious experiences? Any answer to this question should conform to Evidentialism - that is, it should be based not on intuition, dogma or speculation but on solid scientific evidence. I argue that such evidence is hard to…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-12-22 Tom McClelland

The question of whether artificial entities deserve moral consideration has become one of the defining ethical challenges of AI research. Existing frameworks for moral patiency rely on verified ontological properties, such as sentience,…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Faezeh B. Pasandi , Hannah B. Pasandi
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