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Here, we present a diffusion transformer (DiT)-based pixel super-resolution virtual staining approach to transform low-resolution FTIR microspectroscopic images of the unstained tissues into corresponding high-resolution H&E-stained images.…

Optics · Physics 2026-03-10 Yudong Tian , Xiangyu Zhao , Yuqing Liu , Bofei Yang , Chongzhao Wu

Hyperspectral image (HSI) restoration aims at recovering clean images from degraded observations and plays a vital role in downstream tasks. Existing model-based methods have limitations in accurately modeling the complex image…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-02-27 Li Pang , Xiangyu Rui , Long Cui , Hongzhong Wang , Deyu Meng , Xiangyong Cao

Breast cancer early detection is crucial for improving patient outcomes. The Institut Catal\`a de la Salut (ICS) has launched the DigiPatICS project to develop and implement artificial intelligence algorithms to assist with the diagnosis of…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-05-15 David Anglada-Rotger , Ferran Marqués , Montse Pardàs

Uncertainty evaluation is critical in scientific and engineering inverse problems. However, existing benchmarks on Diffusion Inverse Solvers (DIS) primarily focus on reconstruction accuracy but overlook uncertainty and distributional…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Xiaoyu Qiu , Taewon Yang , Zhanhao Liu , Guanyang Wang , Liyue Shen

Three-dimensional X-ray histology techniques offer a non-invasive alternative to conventional 2D histology, enabling volumetric imaging of biological tissues without the need for physical sectioning or chemical staining. However, the…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-09-12 Sarah C. Irvine , Christian Lucas , Diana Krüger , Bianca Guedert , Julian Moosmann , Berit Zeller-Plumhoff

The appearance of histopathology images depends on tissue type, staining and digitization procedure. These vary from source to source and are the potential causes for domain-shift problems. Owing to this problem, despite the great success…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-08-24 Trinh Thi Le Vuong , Quoc Dang Vu , Mostafa Jahanifar , Simon Graham , Jin Tae Kwak , Nasir Rajpoot

Due to the high potential for abuse of GenAI systems, the task of detecting synthetic images has recently become of great interest to the research community. Unfortunately, existing image-space detectors quickly become obsolete as new…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-06-14 George Cazenavette , Avneesh Sud , Thomas Leung , Ben Usman

Current methods for diagnosing the progression of multiple types of cancer within patients rely on interpreting stained needle biopsies. This process is time-consuming and susceptible to error throughout the paraffinization, Hematoxylin and…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-04-19 Benjamin Paulson , Theodore Colwell , Natalia Bukowski , Joseph Weller , Andrew Crisler , John Cisler , Alexander Drobek , Alexander Neuwirth

Hematoxylin and Eosin (H&E) stained Whole Slide Images (WSIs) are utilized for biopsy visualization-based diagnostic and prognostic assessment of diseases. Variation in the H&E staining process across different lab sites can lead to…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-11-24 Aman Shrivastava , Will Adorno , Yash Sharma , Lubaina Ehsan , S. Asad Ali , Sean R. Moore , Beatrice C. Amadi , Paul Kelly , Sana Syed , Donald E. Brown

Segmentation of nuclei regions from histological images is an important task for automated computer-aided analysis of histological images, particularly in the presence of impermissible color variation in the color appearance of stained…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-06-10 Suman Mahapatra , Pradipta Maji

Renal pathology, as the gold standard of kidney disease diagnosis, requires doctors to analyze a series of tissue slices stained by H&E staining and special staining like Masson, PASM, and PAS, respectively. These special staining methods…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-09-19 Tao Ma , Chao Zhang , Min Lu , Lin Luo

Staining is essential in cell imaging and medical diagnostics but poses significant challenges, including high cost, time consumption, labor intensity, and irreversible tissue alterations. Recent advances in deep learning have enabled…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-15 Ziwang Xu , Lanqing Guo , Satoshi Tsutsui , Shuyan Zhang , Alex C. Kot , Bihan Wen

In digital pathology, different staining procedures and scanners cause substantial color variations in whole-slide images (WSIs), especially across different laboratories. These color shifts result in a poor generalization of deep…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-07-27 Sophia J. Wagner , Nadieh Khalili , Raghav Sharma , Melanie Boxberg , Carsten Marr , Walter de Back , Tingying Peng

Histopathological analysis is a cornerstone of cancer diagnosis, with Hematoxylin and Eosin (H&E) staining routinely acquired for every patient to visualize cell morphology and tissue architecture. On the other hand, multiplex…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-20 Guillaume Balezo , Roger Trullo , Albert Pla Planas , Etienne Decenciere , Thomas Walter

The development of biologically interpretable and explainable models remains a key challenge in computational pathology, particularly for multistain immunohistochemistry (IHC) analysis. We present BioX-CPath, an explainable graph neural…

The overexpression of human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) has been established as a therapeutic target in multiple types of cancers, such as breast and gastric cancers. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) is employed as a basic HER2 test…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-09-16 Jun Zhang , Kuan Tian , Pei Dong , Haocheng Shen , Kezhou Yan , Jianhua Yao , Junzhou Huang , Xiao Han

Histopathological visualizations are a pillar of modern medicine and biological research. Surgical oncology relies exclusively on post-operative histology to determine definitive surgical success and guide adjuvant treatments. The current…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-04-04 Marian Boktor , Benjamin Ecclestone , Vlad Pekar , Deepak Dinakaran , John R. Mackey , Paul Fieguth , Parsin Haji Reza

Fairness is an important topic for medical image analysis, driven by the challenge of unbalanced training data among diverse target groups and the societal demand for equitable medical quality. In response to this issue, our research adopts…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-10 Wenyi Li , Haoran Xu , Guiyu Zhang , Huan-ang Gao , Mingju Gao , Mengyu Wang , Hao Zhao

The digitization of histology slides has revolutionized pathology, providing massive datasets for cancer diagnosis and research. Self-supervised and vision-language models have been shown to effectively mine large pathology datasets to…

The color appearance of a pathological image is highly related to the imaging protocols, the proportion of different dyes, and the scanning devices. Computer-aided diagnostic systems may deteriorate when facing these color-variant…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-06-25 Zheng Chen