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3I/ATLAS is the third macroscopic interstellar object detected traversing the Solar System. Since its initial discovery on UT 01 July 2025, hundreds of hours on a range of observational facilities have been dedicated to measure the physical…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2025-08-27 Adina D. Feinstein , John W. Noonan , Darryl Z. Seligman

3I/ATLAS was discovered on UT 2025 July 1 and joins a limited but growing population of detected $\sim10^2-10^3$ m scale interstellar objects. In this paper we report photometric observations of 3I/ATLAS from the nights of UT 2025 July 3,…

3I/ATLAS is the third known interstellar object to pass through our Solar System. NASA's Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) made dedicated observations of 3I/ATLAS between 15 -- 22 January 2026 (Sector 1751), capturing…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2026-02-16 Jorge Martinez-Palomera , Amy Tuson , TESS Science Support Center

3I/ATLAS, also known as C/2025 N$_1$ (ATLAS), is the third interstellar object (ISO) discovered in July 2025. ISOs are particularly interesting because characterizing their physical properties helps us understand and test our knowledge of…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2025-08-13 Jin Beniyama

The interstellar object 3I/ATLAS (also C/2025 N1 (ATLAS), henceforth, 3I), discovered by the ATLAS Chile telescope on 2025 July 1, was rapidly revealed to be the third known interstellar object (ISO) transiting the solar system, with an…

We report on the observation and measurement of astrometry, photometry, morphology, and activityof the interstellar object 3I/ATLAS, also designated C/2025 N1 (ATLAS) with the NSF-DOE Vera C. Rubin Observatory. Comet 3I/ATLAS, the third…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2026-04-09 Colin Orion Chandler , Pedro H. Bernardinelli , Mario Jurić , Devanshi Singh , Henry H. Hsieh , Ian Sullivan , R. Lynne Jones , Jacob A. Kurlander , Dmitrii Vavilov , Siegfried Eggl , Matthew Holman , Federica Spoto , Megan E. Schwamb , Lauren A. MacArthur , Rahil Makadia , Marco Micheli , Aren Heinze , Eric J. Christensen , Wilson Beebe , Aaron Roodman , Kian-Tat Lim , Tim Jenness , James Bosch , Brianna M. Smart , Eric Bellm , Sean MacBride , Meredith L. Rawls , Sarah Greenstreet , Colin Slater , Željko Ivezić , Robert D. Blum , Andrew Connolly , Gregory Daues , Michelle Gower , J. Bryce Kalmbach , Michele T. Bannister , Luke Dones , Rosemary C. Dorsey , Davide Farnocchia , Wesley C. Fraser , John C. Forbes , Cesar Fuentes , Carrie E. Holt , Laura Inno , Geraint H. Jones , Matthew M. Knight , Chris J. Lintott , Tim Lister , Robert Lupton , Mark Jesus M. Magbanua , Renu Malhotra , Beatrice E. A. Mueller , Joseph Murtagh , Nitya Pandey , William T. Reach , Nalin H. Samarasinha , Darryl Z. Seligman , Colin Snodgrass , Michael Solontoi , Gyula M. Szabó , Peter Vereš , Ellie White , Maria Womack , Leslie A. Young , Russ Allbery , Shreya Anand , Roberto Armellin , Éric Aubourg , Chrysa Avdellidou , Farrukh Azfar , James Bauer , Keith Bechtol , Valerie Becker , Matthew Belyakov , Susan D. Benecchi , Ivano Bertini , Dennis Bodewits , Patricia Boeshaar , Bryce T. Bolin , Maitrayee Bose , Alexandre Boucaud , Rodrigo C. Boufleur , Dominique Boutigny , Andrew Bradshaw , Felipe Braga-Ribas , Johan Bregeon , Laura E. Buchanan , Daniel Calabrese , J. I. B. Camargo , Neven Caplar , Jeffrey L. Carlin , Benoit Carry , Juan Pablo Carvajal , Ross Ceballo , Hsin-Fang Chiang , Yumi Choi , Céline Combet , Luiz da Costa , Preeti Cowan , John Franklin Crenshaw , Steve Croft , Matija Ćuk , Philip N. Daly , Filippo D'Ammando , Felipe Daruich , Guillaume Daubard , James R. A. Davenport , Tansu Daylan , Jennifer Delgado , Stephanie J. H. Deppe , Hadrien A. R. Devillepoix , Peter E. Doherty , Abbie Donaldson , Holger Drass , Gregory P. Dubois-Felsmann , Frossie Economou , Marielle R. Eduardo , Ioana Sotuela Elorriaga , Anthony Englert , Kevin Fanning , Grigori Fedorets , Peter S. Ferguson , Maryann Benny Fernandes , Agnès Ferté , Merlin Fisher-Levine , Mark L Freytag , Maxwell K. Frissell , Marco Fulle , Poshak Gandhi , John Gates , David W. Gerdes , Alex R. Gibbs , A. Fraser Gillan , Massimiliano Giordano Orsini , T. Glanzman , Iain Goodenow , Altair Ramos Gomes-Júnior , Miranda R. Gorsuch , Mikael Granvik , Wen Guan , Leanne P. Guy , Mark Hammergren , Andrew Hanushevsky , Fabio Hernandez , Ǎdis Herrold , Daniel Hestroffer , Joshua Hoblitt , Matthew J. Hopkins , Simone Ieva , Patrick Ingraham , David H. Irving , Buell T. Jannuzi , M. James Jee , David Jimenez , Claire Juramy , Steven M. Kahn , Yijung Kang , Arun Kannawadi , Edward Karavakis , JJ Kavelaars , Kshitija Kelkar , Michael S. P. Kelley , Lee S. Kelvin , Ivan Kotov , Alec Koumjian , Gábor Kovács , K. Simon Krughoff , Agnieszka Kryszczyńska , Petr Kubánek , Craig Lage , Travis J. Lange , Pierre-François Léget , Laurent Le Guillou , Benjamin Levine , W. Garrett Levine , Zhuofu , Li , Shuang Liang , Javier Licandro , Hsing Wen Lin , Carey Lisse , Nate B. Lust , Ryan R. Lyttle , Ashish A. Mahabal , Max Mahlke , Gabriele Mainetti , Rachel Mandelbaum , Steven J. Margheim , Giuliano Margoti , Phil Marshall , Dušan Marčeta , Guillem Megias Homar , Mario D. Melita , Felipe Menanteau , Joshua Meyers , Dave Mills , Marc Moniez , C. A. L. Morales Marín , Naomi Morato , Surhud More , Christopher B. Morrison , Kris Mortensen , Youssef Moulane , Karlo Mrakovčić , Fritz Mueller , Marco A. Muñoz-Gutiérrez , Homer Neal , F. M. Newcomer , Erfan Nourbakhsh , Paul O'Connor , Drew Oldag , William J. Oldroyd , William O'Mullane , Cyrielle Opitom , Dagmara Oszkiewicz , Gary L. Page , Jack Patterson , Maria T Patterson , Matthew J. Payne , Eske M. Pedersen , Julien Peloton , Chrystian Luciano Pereira , John R. Peterson , Stephen R. Pietrowicz , Andrés A. Plazas Malagón , Edyta Podlewska-Gaca , Daniel Polin , Rebekah Polen , Hannah Mary Margaret Pollek , Yongqiang Qiu , Bruno Quint , Markus Rabus , Darin Ragozzine , Jayadev Rajagopal , Arianna Ranabhat , Kevin Reil , Tiago Ribeiro , Malena Rice , Stephen T. Ridgway , Steven M. Ritz , Andrew S. Rivkin , James E. Robinson , Agata Rożek , Eli Rykoff , Luis E. Salazar Manzano , Andrei Salnikov , Bruno O. Sánchez , David Sanmartim , Gal Sarid , Charles A. Schambeau , Rafe H. Schindler , Samuel J. Schmidt , German Schumacher , Theo Schutt , Daniel Scolnic , Robert Seaman , Jacques Sebag , Nima Sedaghat , Jacqueline Seron , Richard A. Shaw , Alysha Shugart , Jonathan Sick , Jaladh Singhal , Amir Siraj , Michael C. Sitarz , Shahram Sobhani , Christine Soldahl , Dallin Spencer , Brian Stalder , Steven Stetzler , Alan Strauss , Christopher W. Stubbs , Krzysztof L. Suberlak , Adam Snyder , John D. Swinbank , László Szigeti , Michael Tauraso , Dan S. Taranu , John Gregg Thayer , Sandrine Thomas , Adam Thornton , Luca Tonietti , Laura Toribio San Cipriano , David E. Trilling , Chadwick A. Trujillo , Te-Wei Tsai , Douglas L. Tucker , Max Turri , Tony Tyson , Elana K. Urbach , Wouter van Reeven , Antonia Sierra Villarreal , Stelios Voutsinas , Christopher W. Walter , Yuankun , Wang , Charlotte Ward , Michael Warner , Maxine West , Ian Wong , W. M. Wood-Vasey , Emerson Whittaker , Bin Yang , Quanzhi Ye , Peter Yoachim , R. Zanmar Sanchez , Jinshuo Zhang , Conghao Zhou

Interstellar comet 3I/ATLAS has been approaching its 2025 October 29 perihelion while opposite the Sun from Earth, hindering ground-based optical observations over the preceding month. However, this geometry placed the comet within the…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2026-02-03 Qicheng Zhang , Karl Battams

Interstellar objects provide a unique view into the formation of other star systems. Here we present spectroscopic observations of the recently discovered interstellar object 3I/ATLAS between a heliocentric distance of $3.7$ to $1.8$~au on…

At this early stage of its passage through our Solar System, 3I/ATLAS, the recently discovered interstellar interloper, has displayed various anomalous characteristics, determined from photometric and astrometric observations. As largely a…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2025-10-16 Adam Hibberd , Adam Crowl , Abraham Loeb

On July 1st 2025 the third interstellar object, 3I/ATLAS or C/2025 N1 (ATLAS), was discovered, with an eccentricity of $e=6.15 \pm 0.01$ and perihelion of $q=1.357\pm0.001$ au. We report our initial visible to near-infrared (420-1000 nm)…

We present calibrated ATLAS photometry of the interstellar comet 3I/ATLAS (C/2025 N1) from 28 March through 29 Aug 2025, obtained with the five-site, robotic ATLAS network in the c (420-650~nm), o (560-820~nm), and Teide w (420-720~nm)…

The interstellar comet 3I/ATLAS is only the third interstellar object to be discovered. Pre-perihelion measurements provide a unique opportunity to study its activity and composition, which may alter as it is heated in the coming months. We…

3I/ATLAS is the third confirmed interstellar object passing through the Solar System. In this work, we conduct narrowband radio technosignature search toward 3I/ATLAS using the Five-hundred-meter Aperture Spherical Telescope (FAST) L-band…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2026-03-20 Jian-Kang Li , Zhen-Zhao Tao , Tong-Jie Zhang

Interstellar Objects are comets and asteroids that formed around other stars but were ejected before they could accrete into exoplanets. They therefore represent a rare opportunity to compare the building blocks of planets in the Solar…

China's Tianwen-1 Mars orbiter successfully imaged the third interstellar object, 3I/ATLAS, during its close encounter with Mars using the onboard HiRIC CMOS camera. This is China's first deep-space observation of an astronomical object.…

Interstellar objects (ISOs) provide unique insights into the building blocks and conditions of extrasolar planetary systems. The newly discovered object, 3I/ATLAS (C/2025 N1), represents the third known ISO after 1I/'Oumuamua and…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2025-08-08 Thomas H. Puzia , Rohan Rahatgaonkar , Juan Pablo Carvajal , Prasanta K. Nayak , Baltasar Luco

We report on the prediscovery observations and constraints of the new interstellar comet 3I/2025 N1 (ATLAS), made by the Zwicky Transient Facility (ZTF), for the inbound leg of the comet out to a heliocentric distance of $r_\mathrm{h}=17$…

We present time-series medium-band (R~20-40) observations of the third interstellar object 3I/ATLAS (C/2025 N1) obtained with the 7-Dimensional Telescope (7DT), enabling spatially resolved monitoring of its gas and dust activity from 2025…

Interstellar objects provide a direct window into the environmental conditions around stars other than the Sun. The recent discovery of 3I/ATLAS, a new interstellar comet, offers a unique opportunity to investigate the physical and chemical…

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