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Although new vision foundation models such as Segment Anything Model 2 (SAM2) have significantly enhanced zero-shot image segmentation capabilities, reliance on human-provided prompts poses significant challenges in adapting SAM2 to medical…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-25 Yang Xing , Jiong Wu , Yuheng Bu , Kuang Gong

Histopathology nuclei segmentation is crucial for quantitative tissue analysis and cancer diagnosis. Although existing segmentation methods have achieved strong performance, they are often computationally heavy and show limited…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-24 Muhammad Hassan Maqsood , Yanming Zhu , Alfred Lam , Getamesay Dagnaw , Xuefei Yin , Alan Wee-Chung Liew

Pathology image segmentation is crucial in computational pathology for analyzing histological features relevant to cancer diagnosis and prognosis. However, current methods face major challenges in clinical applications due to limited…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-20 Zhixuan Chen , Junlin Hou , Liqi Lin , Yihui Wang , Yequan Bie , Xi Wang , Yanning Zhou , Ronald Cheong Kin Chan , Hao Chen

Medical image segmentation has been traditionally approached by training or fine-tuning the entire model to cater to any new modality or dataset. However, this approach often requires tuning a large number of parameters during training.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-08-14 Jay N. Paranjape , Shameema Sikder , S. Swaroop Vedula , Vishal M. Patel

Accurate nuclear instance segmentation is a pivotal task in computational pathology, supporting data-driven clinical insights and facilitating downstream translational applications. While large vision foundation models have shown promise…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Wen Zhang , Qin Ren , Wenjing Liu , Haibin Ling , Chenyu You

Domain adaptive segmentation (DAS) is a promising paradigm for delineating intracellular structures from various large-scale electron microscopy (EM) without incurring extensive annotated data in each domain. However, the prevalent…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-18 Jiabao Chen , Shan Xiong , Jialin Peng

Image segmentation is a critical task in microscopy, essential for accurately analyzing and interpreting complex visual data. This task can be performed using custom models trained on domain-specific datasets, transfer learning from…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-10 Kamyar Barakati , Utkarsh Pratiush , Sheryl L. Sanchez , Aditya Raghavan , Delia J. Milliron , Mahshid Ahmadi , Philip D. Rack , Sergei V. Kalinin

The Segment Anything Model (SAM) is a powerful foundation model for image segmentation, showing robust zero-shot generalization through prompt engineering. However, relying on manual prompts is impractical for real-world applications,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-20 Yi Chen , Mu-Young Son , Chuanbo Hua , Joo-Young Kim

The Segment Anything Model (SAM) exhibits a capability to segment a wide array of objects in natural images, serving as a versatile perceptual tool for various downstream image segmentation tasks. In contrast, medical image segmentation…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-08-29 Yizhe Zhang , Tao Zhou , Shuo Wang , Ye Wu , Pengfei Gu , Danny Z. Chen

Accurate semantic segmentation for histopathology image is crucial for quantitative tissue analysis and downstream clinical modeling. Recent segmentation foundation models have improved generalization through large-scale pretraining, yet…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-26 Peixian Liang , Songhao Li , Shunsuke Koga , Yutong Li , Zahra Alipour , Yucheng Tang , Daguang Xu , Zhi Huang

Medical image segmentation methods generally assume that the process from medical image to segmentation is unbiased, and use neural networks to establish conditional probability models to complete the segmentation task. This assumption does…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-05-29 Ruiguo Yu , Yiyang Zhang , Yuan Tian , Yujie Diao , Di Jin , Witold Pedrycz

Direct Preference Optimization (DPO) is an effective framework for aligning large language models with human preferences, but it struggles with complex reasoning tasks. DPO optimizes for the likelihood of generating preferred over…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-23 Darsh Kachroo , Adriana Caraeni , Arjun Prasaath Anbazhagan , Brennan Lagasse , Kevin Zhu

In digital pathology, precise nuclei segmentation is pivotal yet challenged by the diversity of tissue types, staining protocols, and imaging conditions. Recently, the segment anything model (SAM) revealed overwhelming performance in…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-02-27 Zhen Chen , Qing Xu , Xinyu Liu , Yixuan Yuan

Accurate segmentation of cell nuclei in histopathology images is essential for numerous biomedical research and clinical applications. However, existing cell nucleus segmentation methods only consider a single dataset (i.e., primary…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-28 Jiahe Qian , Yaoyu Fang , Jinkui Hao , Bo Zhou

Segment anything model (SAM) demonstrates strong generalization ability on natural image segmentation. However, its direct adaptation in medical image segmentation tasks shows significant performance drops. It also requires an excessive…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-19 Heng Guo , Jianfeng Zhang , Jiaxing Huang , Tony C. W. Mok , Dazhou Guo , Ke Yan , Le Lu , Dakai Jin , Minfeng Xu

Segment Anything Model (SAM), a vision foundation model trained on large-scale annotations, has recently continued raising awareness within medical image segmentation. Despite the impressive capabilities of SAM on natural scenes, it…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-11-15 Yinuo Wang , Kai Chen , Weimin Yuan , Cai Meng , XiangZhi Bai

Segment Anything Models (SAMs) like SEEM and SAM have demonstrated great potential in learning to segment anything. The core design of SAMs lies with Promptable Segmentation, which takes a handcrafted prompt as input and returns the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-01-10 Jiaxing Huang , Kai Jiang , Jingyi Zhang , Han Qiu , Lewei Lu , Shijian Lu , Eric Xing

Given a single labeled example, in-context segmentation aims to segment corresponding objects. This setting, known as one-shot segmentation in few-shot learning, explores the segmentation model's generalization ability and has been applied…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-18 Mengshi Qi , Pengfei Zhu , Xiangtai Li , Xiaoyang Bi , Lu Qi , Huadong Ma , Ming-Hsuan Yang

Direct Preference Optimization (DPO) has gained significant attention for its simplicity and computational efficiency in aligning large language models (LLMs). Recent advancements have extended DPO to multimodal scenarios, achieving strong…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Yeyuan Wang , Dehong Gao , Rujiao Long , Lei Yi , Linbo Jin , Libin Yang , Xiaoyan Cai

The Segment Anything Model (SAM), originally designed for general-purpose segmentation tasks, has been used recently for polyp segmentation. Nonetheless, fine-tuning SAM with data from new imaging centers or clinics poses significant…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-05-28 Md Mostafijur Rahman , Mustafa Munir , Debesh Jha , Ulas Bagci , Radu Marculescu