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Bayesian networks are a widely-used class of probabilistic graphical models capable of representing symmetric conditional independence between variables of interest using the topology of the underlying graph. For categorical variables, they…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2022-10-07 Gherardo Varando , Federico Carli , Manuele Leonelli

We consider the problem of learning the structure of a causal directed acyclic graph (DAG) model in the presence of latent variables. We define latent factor causal models (LFCMs) as a restriction on causal DAG models with latent variables,…

Methodology · Statistics 2022-07-06 Chandler Squires , Annie Yun , Eshaan Nichani , Raj Agrawal , Caroline Uhler

We consider the problem of jointly estimating multiple related directed acyclic graph (DAG) models based on high-dimensional data from each graph. This problem is motivated by the task of learning gene regulatory networks based on gene…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2020-06-30 Yuhao Wang , Santiago Segarra , Caroline Uhler

Directed acyclic graphs (DAGs) are central to science and engineering applications including causal inference, scheduling, and neural architecture search. In this work, we introduce the DAG Convolutional Network (DCN), a novel graph neural…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-05-20 Samuel Rey , Hamed Ajorlou , Gonzalo Mateos

Causal inference aids researchers in discovering cause-and-effect relationships, leading to scientific insights. Accurate causal estimation requires identifying confounding variables to avoid false discoveries. Pearl's causal model uses…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-22 Anna Zeng , Michael Cafarella , Batya Kenig , Markos Markakis , Brit Youngmann , Babak Salimi

Statistical relationships in observed data can arise for several different reasons: the observed variables may be causally related, they may share a latent common cause, or there may be selection bias. Each of these scenarios can be…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2025-09-30 Ryan Carey , Marina Maciel Ansanelli , Elie Wolfe , Robin J. Evans

Much of the causal discovery literature prioritises guaranteeing the identifiability of causal direction in statistical models. For structures within a Markov equivalence class, this requires strong assumptions which may not hold in…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-05-29 Anish Dhir , Samuel Power , Mark van der Wilk

Under stringent model type and variable distribution assumptions, differentiable score-based causal discovery methods learn a directed acyclic graph (DAG) from observational data by evaluating candidate graphs over an average score…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-03-07 An Zhang , Fangfu Liu , Wenchang Ma , Zhibo Cai , Xiang Wang , Tat-seng Chua

We study a distributed learning problem in which learning agents are embedded in a directed acyclic graph (DAG). There is a fixed and arbitrary distribution over feature/label pairs, and each agent or vertex in the graph is able to directly…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-13 Michael Kearns , Aaron Roth , Emily Ryu

Deterministic variables are variables that are fully explained by one or more parent variables. They commonly arise when a variable has been algebraically constructed from one or more parent variables, as with composite variables, and in…

In many applications we have both observational and (randomized) interventional data. We propose a Gaussian likelihood framework for joint modeling of such different data-types, based on global parameters consisting of a directed acyclic…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2014-06-03 Alain Hauser , Peter Bühlmann

We study structure learning for linear Gaussian SEMs in the presence of latent confounding. Existing continuous methods excel when errors are independent, while deconfounding-first pipelines rely on pervasive factor structure or…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-03 Samhita Pal , James O'quinn , Kaveh Aryan , Heather Pua , James P. Long , Amir Asiaee

This paper considers the problem of estimating the structure of multiple related directed acyclic graph (DAG) models. Building on recent developments in exact estimation of DAGs using integer linear programming (ILP), we present an ILP…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2014-11-13 Chris J. Oates , Jim Q. Smith , Sach Mukherjee , James Cussens

Structural discovery amongst a set of variables is of interest in both static and dynamic settings. In the presence of lead-lag dependencies in the data, the dynamics of the system can be represented through a structural equation model…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-11-28 Jiahe Lin , Huitian Lei , George Michailidis

Causal inference methods for observational data are increasingly recognized as a valuable complement to randomized clinical trials (RCTs). They can, under strong assumptions, emulate RCTs or help refine their focus. Our approach to causal…

Methodology · Statistics 2024-08-14 Carlo Berzuini , Davide Luciani , Hiren C. Patel

Discovering causal structure from purely observational data (i.e., causal discovery), aiming to identify causal relationships among variables, is a fundamental task in machine learning. The recent invention of differentiable score-based DAG…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-12-12 Fangfu Liu , Wenchang Ma , An Zhang , Xiang Wang , Yueqi Duan , Tat-Seng Chua

Graph structured data are abundant in the real world. Among different graph types, directed acyclic graphs (DAGs) are of particular interest to machine learning researchers, as many machine learning models are realized as computations on…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-10-30 Muhan Zhang , Shali Jiang , Zhicheng Cui , Roman Garnett , Yixin Chen

An algorithm for generating the structure of a directed acyclic graph from data using the notion of causal input lists is presented. The algorithm manipulates the ordering of the variables with operations which very much resemble arc…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2013-03-25 Remco R. Bouckaert

A directed acyclic graph (DAG) provides valuable prior knowledge that is often discarded in regression tasks in machine learning. We show that the independences arising from the presence of collider structures in DAGs provide meaningful…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-06-22 Shahine Bouabid , Jake Fawkes , Dino Sejdinovic

We consider the problem of structure learning for bow-free acyclic path diagrams (BAPs). BAPs can be viewed as a generalization of linear Gaussian DAG models that allow for certain hidden variables. We present a first method for this…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2017-12-05 Christopher Nowzohour , Marloes H. Maathuis , Robin J. Evans , Peter Bühlmann