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This article presents a method to perform diffraction tomography in a standard microscope that includes an LED array for illumination. After acquiring a sequence of intensity-only images of a thick sample, a ptychography-based…

Optics · Physics 2015-10-30 Roarke Horstmeyer , Changhuei Yang

Direct detection of extrasolar planets will require imaging systems capable of unprecedented contrast. Apodized pupils provide an attractive way to achieve such contrast but they are difficult, perhaps impossible, to manufacture to the…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-10 Wesley A. Traub , Robert J. Vanderbei

In this work, sub-ppb aerosol detection is achieved by femtosecond laser filament with a single pulse energy of 4 mJ at a distance of 30 m. A concave mirror with an open aperture of 41.4 cm is employed in an off-axis optical system to focus…

The addition of an optically absorptive layer to otherwise standard dielectric mirrors enables a set of laser direct writing nanostructuring methods that can add functionality to such mirrors while retaining their high reflectivity. These…

Optics · Physics 2023-04-05 Mario Vretenar , Jan Klaers

Characterization and control of the transverse phase space of high-brightness electron beams is required at free-electron lasers or electron diffraction experiments for emittance measurement and beam optimization as well as at advanced…

Highly ambitious initiatives aspire to propel a miniature spacecraft to a neighboring star within a human generation, leveraging the radiation pressure of lasers for propulsion. One of the main challenges to achieving this enormous feat is…

Optics · Physics 2025-01-16 Jin Chang , Wenye Ji , Xiong Yao , Arnold J. van Run , Simon Gröblacher

3D object removal is an important sub-task in 3D scene editing, with broad applications in scene understanding, augmented reality, and robotics. However, existing methods struggle to achieve a desirable balance among consistency, usability,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-15 Jingcheng Ni , Weiguang Zhao , Daniel Wang , Ziyao Zeng , Chenyu You , Alex Wong , Kaizhu Huang

Volumetric ultrasound imaging faces a fundamental trade-off among image quality, frame rate, and hardware complexity. This study introduces three-dimensional Null Subtraction Imaging (3D NSI), a nonlinear beamforming framework that…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-11-18 Bingze Dai , Xi Zhang , Wei-Ning Lee

Analysis of three-dimensional biological samples is critical to understanding tissue function and the mechanisms of disease. Many chronic conditions, like neurodegenerative diseases and cancers, correlate with complex tissue changes that…

Biological Physics · Physics 2019-11-06 Jiaming Guo , Camille Artur , Jason L. Eriksen , David Mayerich

In this paper, a systematic approach is employed to design a photonic crystal with a boundary between positive and negative refraction to boost the refractive properties of the crystal. Mathematical techniques are employed to turn the…

Optics · Physics 2023-06-28 Saeed Pahlavan

In this paper, an on-axis dual-reflector confocal ellipsoidal structure is presented for near-field imaging systems. In the proposed structure, the backscattered electromagnetic wave problem, known as the blockage effect, is reduced…

Semiconductor lasers with ultra-low thresholds and minimal footprints are a topic of active research. Such devices require a combination of high quality factor laser cavities with small active region volumes, which drives the quest for…

A microwave lens with highly reduced reflectance, as compared to conventional dielectric lenses, is proposed. The lens is based on two-dimensional or three-dimensional transmission-line networks that can be designed to have an effective…

Optics · Physics 2009-11-13 Pekka Alitalo , Olli Luukkonen , Joni Vehmas , Sergei Tretyakov

Label-free microscopy exploits light scattering to obtain a three-dimensional image of biological tissues. However, light propagation is affected by aberrations and multiple scattering, which drastically degrade the image quality and limit…

Additive manufacturing using light is commonly constrained by serial voxel-by-voxel or layer-by-layer processing, which fundamentally limits fabrication speed and scalability. Here, we introduce a single-exposure holographic…

High-resolution imaging of ultracold atoms typically requires custom high numerical aperture (NA) optics, as is the case for quantum gas microscopy. These high NA objectives involve many optical elements each of which contributes to loss…

Quantum Gases · Physics 2021-11-01 Emine Altuntas , Ian B. Spielman

3D surface reconstruction is essential across applications of virtual reality, robotics, and mobile scanning. However, RGB-based reconstruction often fails in low-texture, low-light, and low-albedo scenes. Handheld LiDARs, now common on…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-12-02 Nikhil Behari , Aaron Young , Siddharth Somasundaram , Tzofi Klinghoffer , Akshat Dave , Ramesh Raskar

The state-of-the-art CMOS technology has started to adopt three-dimensional (3D) integration approaches, enabling continuous chip density increment and performance improvement, while alleviating difficulties encountered in traditional…

Strong light interaction with a subwavelength object has been a long pursuing goal with difficulties mainly arising from the diffraction limit. We propose a high finesse cavity with one mirror made of a subwavelength resonant particle as a…

Optics · Physics 2021-04-26 Z. Xi , H. P. Urbach

The efficient excitation of quantum sources such as quantum dots or single molecules requires high NA optics which is often a challenge in cryogenics, or in ultrafast optics. Here we propose a 3.2 um wide parabolic mirror, with a 0.8 um…