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Related papers: CoEx -- Co-evolving World-model and Exploration

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Much of model-based reinforcement learning involves learning a model of an agent's world, and training an agent to leverage this model to perform a task more efficiently. While these models are demonstrably useful for agents, every…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2019-11-01 C. Daniel Freeman , Luke Metz , David Ha

Building generalist agents that can handle diverse tasks and evolve themselves across different environments is a long-term goal in the AI community. Large language models (LLMs) are considered a promising foundation to build such agents…

Large Language Models (LLMs) possess general world knowledge but often struggle to generate precise predictions in structured, domain-specific contexts such as simulations. These limitations arise from their inability to ground their broad,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-30 Guillaume Levy , Cedric Colas , Pierre-Yves Oudeyer , Thomas Carta , Clement Romac

Current service robots suffer from limited natural language communication abilities, heavy reliance on predefined commands, ongoing human intervention, and, most notably, a lack of proactive collaboration awareness in human-populated…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-12-02 Nan Sun , Bo Mao , Yongchang Li , Di Guo , Huaping Liu

Various world model frameworks are being developed today based on autoregressive frameworks that rely on discrete representations of actions and observations, and these frameworks are succeeding in constructing interactive generative models…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-14 Kohei Hayashi , Masanori Koyama , Julian Jorge Andrade Guerreiro

Language model (LM) agents deployed in novel environments often exhibit poor sample efficiency when learning from sequential interactions. This significantly hinders the usefulness of such agents in environments where interaction is costly…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-06 Michael Y. Hu , Benjamin Van Durme , Jacob Andreas , Harsh Jhamtani

A burgeoning area within reinforcement learning (RL) is the design of sequential decision-making agents centered around large language models (LLMs). While autonomous decision-making agents powered by modern LLMs could facilitate numerous…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Dilip Arumugam , Thomas L. Griffiths

Recent advances in agent development have focused on scaling model size and raw interaction data, mirroring successes in large language models. However, for complex, long-horizon multi-agent tasks such as robotic soccer, this end-to-end…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-11-05 Brennen Hill

Capturing human learning behavior based on deep learning methods has become a major research focus in both psychology and intelligent systems. Recent approaches rely on controlled experiments or rule-based models to explore cognitive…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-08-08 Yu Yuan , Lili Zhao , Wei Chen , Guangting Zheng , Kai Zhang , Mengdi Zhang , Qi Liu

Reinforcement learning (RL) agents typically learn tabula rasa, without prior knowledge of the world. However, if initialized with knowledge of high-level subgoals and transitions between subgoals, RL agents could utilize this Abstract…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-04-28 Kolby Nottingham , Prithviraj Ammanabrolu , Alane Suhr , Yejin Choi , Hannaneh Hajishirzi , Sameer Singh , Roy Fox

Referential games offer a grounded learning environment for neural agents which accounts for the fact that language is functionally used to communicate. However, they do not take into account a second constraint considered to be fundamental…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-02-02 Gautier Dagan , Dieuwke Hupkes , Elia Bruni

Coagent networks formalize the concept of arbitrary networks of stochastic agents that collaborate to take actions in a reinforcement learning environment. Prominent examples of coagent networks in action include approaches to hierarchical…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-08-31 Modjtaba Shokrian Zini , Mohammad Pedramfar , Matthew Riemer , Ahmadreza Moradipari , Miao Liu

LLM-powered tool-calling agents fulfill user requests by interacting with environments, querying data, and invoking tools in a multi-turn process. Yet, most existing benchmarks evaluate these systems under static environment interfaces,…

Realizing endogenous narrative evolution in LLM-based multi-agent systems is hindered by the inherent stochasticity of generative emergence. In particular, long-horizon simulations suffer from social memory stacking, where conflicting…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-15 Shiyu He , Minchi Kuang , Mengxian Wang , Bin Hu , Tingxiang Gu

Large Language Model (LLM)-based agents exhibit significant potential across various domains, operating as interactive systems that process environmental observations to generate executable actions for target tasks. The effectiveness of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-08-20 Mengkang Hu , Tianxing Chen , Qiguang Chen , Yao Mu , Wenqi Shao , Ping Luo

It has been a long-standing dream to design artificial agents that explore their environment efficiently via intrinsic motivation, similar to how children perform curious free play. Despite recent advances in intrinsically motivated…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-11-29 Cansu Sancaktar , Sebastian Blaes , Georg Martius

Large language models (LLMs) have shown significant potential in guiding embodied agents to execute language instructions across a range of tasks, including robotic manipulation and navigation. However, existing methods are primarily…

Next token prediction has been the standard training objective used in large language model pretraining. Representations are learned as a result of optimizing for token-level perplexity. We propose Continuous Concept Mixing (CoCoMix), a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-13 Jihoon Tack , Jack Lanchantin , Jane Yu , Andrew Cohen , Ilia Kulikov , Janice Lan , Shibo Hao , Yuandong Tian , Jason Weston , Xian Li

LLM-based agents have been extensively applied across various domains, where memory stands out as one of their most essential capabilities. Previous memory mechanisms of LLM-based agents are manually predefined by human experts, leading to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-26 Zeyu Zhang , Quanyu Dai , Rui Li , Xiaohe Bo , Xu Chen , Zhenhua Dong

Understanding an agent's goals helps explain and predict its behaviour, yet there is no established methodology for reliably attributing goals to agentic systems. We propose a framework for evaluating goal-directedness that integrates…