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Determining the binding pose of a ligand to a protein, known as molecular docking, is a fundamental task in drug discovery. Generative approaches promise faster, improved, and more diverse pose sampling than physics-based methods, but are…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-26 Alvaro Prat , Leo Zhang , Charlotte M. Deane , Yee Whye Teh , Garrett M. Morris

Protein representation learning is critical for numerous biological tasks. Recently, large transformer-based protein language models (pLMs) pretrained on large scale protein sequences have demonstrated significant success in sequence-based…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-12 Xuefeng Liu , Songhao Jiang , Chih-chan Tien , Jinbo Xu , Rick Stevens

Recently, many generative models for de novo protein structure design have emerged. Yet, only few tackle the difficult task of directly generating fully atomistic structures jointly with the underlying amino acid sequence. This is…

High-quality training datasets are crucial for the development of effective protein design models, but existing synthetic datasets often include unfavorable sequence-structure pairs, impairing generative model performance. We leverage…

Protein structure prediction is one of the most important problems in computational biology. The most successful computational approach, also called template-based modeling, identifies templates with solved crystal structures for the query…

Biomolecules · Quantitative Biology 2013-06-20 Jian Peng

Designing compounds with desired properties is a key element of the drug discovery process. However, measuring progress in the field has been challenging due to the lack of realistic retrospective benchmarks, and the large cost of…

Biomolecules · Quantitative Biology 2023-06-16 Tobiasz Cieplinski , Tomasz Danel , Sabina Podlewska , Stanislaw Jastrzebski

Structure-based drug design (SBDD), aiming to generate 3D molecules with high binding affinity toward target proteins, is a vital approach in novel drug discovery. Although recent generative models have shown great potential, they suffer…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-05 Jingyuan Zhou , Hao Qian , Shikui Tu , Lei Xu

Machine learning on graphs has made substantial progress across domains such as molecular property prediction and chip design. Yet benchmarking practices remain fragmented, often relying on narrow, task-specific datasets and inconsistent…

Sequence generative models are transforming protein engineering. However, no principled framework exists for conditioning these models on auxiliary information, such as experimental data, without additional training of a generative model.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-19 Junhao Xiong , Ishan Gaur , Maria Lukarska , Hunter Nisonoff , Luke M. Oltrogge , David F. Savage , Jennifer Listgarten

We introduce ProteinWorkshop, a comprehensive benchmark suite for representation learning on protein structures with Geometric Graph Neural Networks. We consider large-scale pre-training and downstream tasks on both experimental and…

Describing the relationship between the variables in a study domain and modelling the data generating mechanism is a fundamental problem in many empirical sciences. Probabilistic graphical models are one common approach to tackle the…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-12-05 Felix L. Rios , Giusi Moffa , Jack Kuipers

Protein backbone generation plays a central role in de novo protein design and is significant for many biological and medical applications. Although diffusion and flow-based generative models provide potential solutions to this challenging…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-29 Angxiao Yue , Zichong Wang , Hongteng Xu

Protein structure-based property prediction has emerged as a promising approach for various biological tasks, such as protein function prediction and sub-cellular location estimation. The existing methods highly rely on experimental protein…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-20 Yufei Huang , Siyuan Li , Jin Su , Lirong Wu , Odin Zhang , Haitao Lin , Jingqi Qi , Zihan Liu , Zhangyang Gao , Yuyang Liu , Jiangbin Zheng , Stan. ZQ. Li

Learning effective protein representations is critical in a variety of tasks in biology such as predicting protein function or structure. Existing approaches usually pretrain protein language models on a large number of unlabeled amino acid…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-01-31 Zuobai Zhang , Minghao Xu , Arian Jamasb , Vijil Chenthamarakshan , Aurelie Lozano , Payel Das , Jian Tang

In recent years, natural language processing (NLP) models have demonstrated remarkable capabilities in various domains beyond traditional text generation. In this work, we introduce PeptideGPT, a protein language model tailored to generate…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-28 Aayush Shah , Chakradhar Guntuboina , Amir Barati Farimani

Deep learning has been widely used for protein engineering. However, it is limited by the lack of sufficient experimental data to train an accurate model for predicting the functional fitness of high-order mutants. Here, we develop SESNet,…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2023-04-10 Mingchen Li , Liqi Kang , Yi Xiong , Yu Guang Wang , Guisheng Fan , Pan Tan , Liang Hong

The evolutionary trajectory of a protein through sequence space is constrained by function and three-dimensional (3D) structure. Residues in spatial proximity tend to co-evolve, yet attempts to invert the evolutionary record to identify…

Biomolecules · Quantitative Biology 2015-03-13 Debora S. Marks , Lucy J. Colwell , Robert Sheridan , Thomas A. Hopf , Andrea Pagnani , Riccardo Zecchina , Chris Sander

Deep generative models that produce novel molecular structures have the potential to facilitate chemical discovery. Flow matching is a recently proposed generative modeling framework that has achieved impressive performance on a variety of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-26 Ian Dunn , David R. Koes

Protein language models often take into consideration the alignment between a protein sequence and its textual description. However, they do not take structural information into consideration. Traditional methods treat sequence and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Aditya Ranganath , Hasin Us Sami , Kowshik Thopalli , Bhavya Kailkhura , Wesam Sakla

Many protein design applications, such as binder or enzyme design, require scaffolding a structural motif with high precision. Generative modelling paradigms based on denoising diffusion processes emerged as a leading candidate to address…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-15 Kieran Didi , Francisco Vargas , Simon V Mathis , Vincent Dutordoir , Emile Mathieu , Urszula J Komorowska , Pietro Lio